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在鱼类形态学性状的数据处理分析中,主要利用数理统计分析软件进行形态学数据的聚类分析、主成分分析和判别分析,而随着现代分子生物学技术的发展,一系列分子群体遗传学数据分析方法和处理软件应运而生。为研究分子群体遗传学方法对鱼类形态学数据分析的适用性,实验以兴国红鲤、玻璃红鲤、荷包红鲤完全双列杂交产生的9个群体形态学数据为对象,比较了传统形态学方法与分子群体遗传学方法对鱼类形态学性状的分析效果。结果发现,两类方法的聚类分析结果一致;主成分分析的结果表明,传统形态学分析方法能反映个体间的形态差异,而分子群体遗传学方法则能更好地反映群体间的形态差异;判别分析结果显示,两类方法的综合判别率相当;利用STRUCTURE软件进行的遗传聚类分析结果也发现,两类方法所得的结果一致。研究表明,应用传统形态学方法与分子群体遗传学方法分析鲤形态学性状是一致的,分子群体遗传学方法处理鲤科鱼类形态学数据是可行的。
In data processing and analysis of morphological traits of fish, the main use of mathematical statistical analysis software for cluster analysis of morphological data, principal component analysis and discriminant analysis, and with the development of modern molecular biology technology, a series of molecular genetic Learn data analysis methods and processing software came into being. In order to study the applicability of molecular population genetics to fish morphological data analysis, the morphological data of nine populations from complete crosses of Xingguo red carp, glass red carp and red purse carp were taken as experimental subjects, Analysis of Morphological Traits of Fish by Methods and Molecular Population Genetics. The results showed that the clustering results of the two methods were consistent; the results of principal component analysis showed that the traditional morphological analysis method can reflect the morphological differences among individuals, while the molecular population genetics method can better reflect the morphological differences among populations The results of discriminant analysis showed that the comprehensive discriminant rates of the two methods were equivalent. The genetic clustering analysis using STRUCTURE software also found that the results of the two methods were consistent. The results showed that the morphological traits of common carp were analyzed by traditional morphological methods and molecular population genetics. It is feasible to use molecular population genetic method to deal with the morphological data of cyprinid fish.