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目的了解社区居民对肝癌危险因素的认知情况,推行基于中医“治未病”理论的健康教育,促进肝癌的一级预防工作。方法采用横断面研究,选取琼海和梅州地区16~85岁的社区人群进行问卷调查。对两地居民肝癌危险相关因素知晓情况进行χ2检验。对不同一般资料居民知晓程度、健康行为评分进行比较。结果在所调查的肝癌危险相关6个因素中,两地居民对黄曲霉素和腌制食品这两个因素的知晓率差异有统计学意义(P<0.001、P=0.032);居民知晓程度评分比较中,不同年龄(P<0.001)、职业(P<0.001)、学历(P<0.001)、月收入(P=0.027)和住所(P<0.001)差异有统计学意义。而在健康行为评分比较中,地区(P=0.002)、性别(P=0.013)、年龄(P=0.025)、学历(P=0.001)差异有统计学意义。结论两地社区居民对慢性肝炎的危害认识不足,对糖尿病有更高罹患肝癌风险认识程度较低;不同的生活习惯对黄曲霉素和腌制食品相关的知晓程度及健康行为评分有明显影响;年龄、居住地、学历的差异是影响知晓程度和健康行为的主要因素。基于中医“治未病”理论的肝癌相关危险因素健康教育有深远的意义。
Objective To understand the community residents’ cognition of the risk factors of liver cancer and to promote health education based on the theory of traditional Chinese medicine “cure disease” to promote the primary prevention of liver cancer. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted to select the community population aged 16-85 in Qionghai and Meizhou areas for questionnaire survey. On the two residents of liver cancer risk factors related to the situation χ2 test. The level of public awareness of different general information, health behavior scores were compared. Results Among the six factors related to the risk of liver cancer investigated, the residents ’awareness of the two factors of aflatoxins and preserved foods was statistically significant (P <0.001, P = 0.032); the level of residents’ awareness There were statistically significant differences in the scores among different ages (P <0.001), occupation (P <0.001), education (P <0.001), monthly income (P = 0.027) and residence (P <0.001) However, in the comparison of scores of healthy behaviors, the differences were statistically significant in the regions (P = 0.002), gender (P = 0.013), age (P = 0.025) and education level (P = 0.001) Conclusion The community residents in both places do not know enough about the dangers of chronic hepatitis and have a lower understanding of the risk of having liver cancer higher in diabetes. The different habits have a significant effect on the awareness and health behavior scores of aflatoxins and preserved foods ; Age, place of residence, education differences are the main factors affecting the level of awareness and health behavior. Based on Chinese medicine “cure disease” theory of liver cancer risk factors related to health education has far-reaching significance.