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目的研究促红细胞生成素(EPO)对缺氧缺血性脑损伤(HIBD)新生大鼠海马的近期病理改变和远期学习记忆功能的影响。方法新生7d大鼠随机分3组:假手术组、HIBD模型组和HIBD+EPO组。HIBD术后72h观察脑组织病理改变、海马CA1区凋亡抑制蛋白Bcl-2的表达,术后28d评估海马学习记忆功能。结果EPO治疗能显著减轻缺氧缺血侧大脑半球水肿、梗死和出血等病理学改变。免疫组化结果显示HIBD后72h缺血侧海马CA1区Bcl-2蛋白表达量均为HIBD+EPO组>HIBD组>假手术组,3者间比较差异有统计学意义。Morris水迷宫定位航行实验结果显示,5d总平均逃逸潜伏期HIBD组(67.93±7.29)s,HIBD+EPO组(42.95±7.29)s,假手术组(29.67±6.95)s,平均逃逸潜伏期在不同时段和不同实验组之间的差异有统计学意义;空间探索实验示:HIBD组站台周边区域I搜索时间和搜索路程与HIBD+EPO组、假手术组间差异均有统计学意义,而HIBD+EPO组和假手术组间差异无统计学意义,提示HIBD鼠学习记忆能力下降,EPO干预能减轻HIBD对海马学习记忆功能的损害。结论EPO对新生鼠缺氧缺血性脑损伤具有近期病理和远期功能保护作用,其机制与抑制细胞凋亡的发生有关。
Objective To investigate the effects of erythropoietin (EPO) on the recent pathological changes and long-term learning and memory in hippocampus of neonatal rats with hypoxic-ischemic brain damage (HIBD). Methods Newborn 7-day-old rats were randomly divided into 3 groups: sham operation group, HIBD model group and HIBD + EPO group. 72h after HIBD, the pathological changes of brain tissue were observed. The expression of Bcl-2 protein in hippocampal CA1 region was observed. The learning and memory function of hippocampus was assessed 28 days after operation. Results EPO treatment could significantly reduce pathological changes such as edema, infarction and hemorrhage in hypoxic ischemic hemisphere. The results of immunohistochemistry showed that the expression of Bcl-2 protein in hippocampal CA1 region of HIBD group was significantly higher than that of HIBD + EPO group> HIBD group> sham operation group at 72h after HIBD. There was significant difference among the three groups. Morris water maze positioning navigation experiment results showed that the average escape latency in 5 days was 67.93 ± 7.29 s in HIBD + EPO group, 42.69 ± 7.29 s in HIBD + EPO group and 29.67 ± 6.95 s in sham operation group, And the differences between the experimental groups were statistically significant. The spatial exploration experiments showed that there were significant differences in I search time and search distance between HIBD group and HIBD + EPO group and sham operation group, while HIBD + EPO There was no significant difference between the groups and the sham operation group, suggesting that the ability of learning and memory of HIBD rats decreased. EPO intervention could reduce the damage of hippocampal learning and memory function of HIBD. Conclusion EPO can protect the neonatal rats from hypoxic-ischemic brain damage in a short term. Its mechanism is related to the inhibition of apoptosis.