一、主要情况概述(一)稻作面积和产量变化笔者曾统计了1955～1982年的资料,28年的时间日本的稻作面积总的变化趋势是下降的,产量是上升的,但也是波动的。就耕作面积看:1955～1969年,其耕作面积变动在360万～380万公顷之间。1970年日本的稻作生产计划开始调整,减至316万公顷,至1973年已降至270万公顷,当年遭致严重的低温冷害,因此,1971～1979年间,面积稍有回升,接近300万公顷。之后,由于食物构成的改变(食用米显著减少,目前每人年用量 I. Overview of Major Conditions (I) Changes in Rice Area and Output The author has compiled statistics for 1955-1982. In the 28 years, the overall trend of rice area in Japan has been declining, and the output has risen but fluctuated of. As far as the cultivated area is concerned, from 1955 to 1969, its cultivated area has fluctuated between 3.6 million and 3.8 million hectares. In 1970, the rice production plan of Japan began to be adjusted down to 3.16 million hectares and dropped to 2.7 million hectares in 1973. In that year, it suffered serious chilling damage. As a result, the area slightly rose from 19 million to 19 million in 1979, reaching nearly 3 million Hectare. Later, due to changes in food composition (consumption of rice significantly reduced, the current annual amount