钛及其合金因其优异的力学性能和良好的生物相容性,长期以来一直被用作植入材料.尽管如此,研究人员和行业仍在积极寻求更好的合金,因为仍有一些迫切的问题需要关注,包括:(1)由于种植体材料与人体骨组织的弹性模量不匹配而导致的应力屏蔽问题;(2)Ti合金长期使用后有害离子的释放问题;(3)钛合金表面生物活性低而导致愈合过程延长.为了解决这些问题,很多研究工作致力于寻找含有更强生物相容性相成分的新一代钛合金,并对其表面进行改性,使其从天然的生物惰性转变为生物活性.本文回顾了最近报道的钛合金制备方面的工作,并基于所做的调查,强调弹性模量和使用无毒金属元素来提高生物相容性的重要性.在钛合金的表面改性方面,大量研究发现在表面生长的纳米氧化层有利于提高钛合金的生物活性,使其在植入后能够快速修复组织.本文全面地综述并重点考察适合用于生物医用植入体新型钛合金的相和成分,并强调制备和表面改性方法.“,”Titanium and its alloys have long been used as implant materials due to their outstanding mechanical properties and apparent biocompatibility. Despite this, the search for better alloys has continued to be active by researchers and industries alike, as there are still pressing issues that require attention. These include (1) a large mismatch in the elastic modulus of the implant material, which causes a stress shielding problem; (2) the release of harmful ions from Ti alloys after long-term use;(3) a low bioactivity of the Ti alloy surface, which prolongs the healing process. More research has been directed toward finding new generation Ti alloys composed of more biocompatible phases and modifying the surface of Ti alloys from naturally bio-inert to bioactive in order to circumvent the problems. This review examines recent work reported on the fabrication of Ti alloys, and based on the survey, major characteristics highlighted the importance of elastic modulus and the use of non-toxic metal elements to improve biocompatibility. In terms of surface modification of Ti alloys, numerous studies have found that a nano-scaled surface oxide layer grown on the surface is always beneficial to improving the bioactivity of Ti alloys for rapid recovery after implantation. This comprehensive review focuses on the appropriate phase and composition for new Ti alloys intended for use as biomedical implants, emphasizing both fabrication and surface modification methods.