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词语除了具有词汇意义和语法意义之外,还有修辞意义。所谓修辞意义,是指语言表达中根据特定的语境在词汇意义和语法意义的基础上,临时赋予的意义,用来表现形象特征、感情评价、心理联想等,从而更好地达到交际的目的。词语的词汇意义和语法意义是比较固定的,而修辞意义却是不能抽象出来加以概括固定的,它必须在具体的语言环境中显现出来。正如有的语言学家所说:“词,只有出现在那些形形色色的句子环境中时,才算是真正的语言单位。”①人们说话写文章也都是从语言环境的动态出发,掌握运用“活”的语言,而不是根据词典
In addition to lexical and grammatical meaning of words, there are rhetorical significance. The so-called rhetorical meaning, refers to the language expression according to the specific context of the lexical meaning and grammatical meaning, based on the temporary connotation of the meaning used to express the image characteristics, emotional evaluation, psychological associations, so as to better achieve the purpose of communication . The lexical meanings and grammatical meanings of words are relatively fixed, while the meanings of rhetoric can not be generalized and fixed abstractedly. They must be revealed in a specific linguistic environment. As some linguists put it, “Words can only be regarded as true language units only when they occur in all kinds of sentence environments.” ① People speak and write articles are also from the dynamic of the language environment, master the use of “live ”The language, not based on the dictionary