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目的了解我国青海省农村地区居民超重肥胖及相关危险因素的流行情况,为开展人群超重肥胖防控措施提供科学依据。方法采用整群抽样的方法抽取2个自然村18岁及以上全部村民。采用问卷调查和体格检查方法收集调查对象一般人口学资料、危险因素及身高、体重和腰围信息。结果完成调查总人数915人,应答率92.80%,有效完成各项调查项目908人。908名调查对象体质指数(BMI)均值为(23.32±3.31)kg/m2,男性为(23.17±3.23)kg/m2,女性为(23.46±3.38)kg/m2;农村成人平均腰围(78.24±9.69)cm,男性为(79.65±9.05)cm,女性为(76.93±10.08)cm。农村成人标化超重率为26.65%,肥胖率为7.56%,中心性肥胖率为29.22%,女性中心性肥胖率(37.45%)明显高于男性(29.22%),差异有统计学意义(χ2=6.88,P<0.01)。总人群和男、女性人群中心性肥胖率均随着年龄的增长而升高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。调查对象锻炼率为19.82%。食用油脂人均每日摄入量超过推荐量的比例是86.62%。结论开展以体重控制为基础的干预是预防社会转型和生活方式转变导致慢性病危险因素流行的重要手段和策略。
Objective To understand the prevalence of overweight and obesity and related risk factors among rural residents in Qinghai Province of China and to provide a scientific basis for prevention and control of overweight and obesity in the population. Methods A cluster sampling method was used to extract all villagers aged 18 and over in two natural villages. General demographic data, risk factors and height, weight and waistline information were collected by questionnaire and physical examination. Results The survey completed a total of 915 people, the response rate of 92.80%, the effective completion of the survey of 908 people. The average body mass index (BMI) of 908 subjects was (23.32 ± 3.31) kg / m2, and was 23.17 ± 3.23 kg / m2 in males and 23.46 ± 3.38 kg / m2 in females. The average waist circumference in rural adults was 78.24 ± 9.69 ) cm, male (79.65 ± 9.05) cm, female (76.93 ± 10.08) cm. The standardized rate of overweight in rural adults was 26.65%, the rate of obesity was 7.56%, the rate of central obesity was 29.22%, the rate of central obesity (37.45%) in males was significantly higher than that of males (29.22%) (χ2 = 6.88, P <0.01). The prevalence of central obesity in the general population and in both men and women increased with age, with a significant difference (P <0.01). Investigation object training rate was 19.82%. Daily consumption of edible oil exceeds the recommended amount of the proportion of 86.62%. CONCLUSIONS: Weight-control-based interventions are an important means and strategy to prevent the prevalence of chronic disease risk factors from social transformation and lifestyle changes.