一、引言严格地说来,海洋和大气构成一耦合的非线性系统。可是由于海水和空气的响应时间或惯性差别很大,因而在理论研究和实际业务中通常把它们分开处理。然而,不论是研究海洋还是大气,其间的耦合作用都是现实所避免不了的。这个耦合基本上依赖于海气界面处的物理属性的交换。仅就海洋来说,众所周知的大洋环流其主要动力是大气对它所进行的动量输 I. INTRODUCTION Strictly speaking, the ocean and the atmosphere form a coupled nonlinear system. However, due to the large differences in the response time or inertia of seawater and air, they are usually treated separately in both theoretical research and practical business. However, whether it is the study of the oceans or the atmosphere, the coupling between them can not be avoided by reality. This coupling basically relies on the exchange of physical properties at the air-sea interface. Just for the oceans, the main driving force of the well-known ocean circulation is its momentum transport to the atmosphere