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目的探讨感染性腹泻暴发疫情发生的原因以及评价控制措施的有效性,为此类疫情的防控提供科学依据。方法统一设计调查表,开展流行病学调查,采取综合防控措施以控制疾病的流行。结果某医院2009年3月3～12日共发生感染性腹泻病例44例,罹患率为1.83%,发病高峰为3月5～6日,占总病例数的43.18%(19/44)。采集病人、食堂工作人员、水样、环境标本等样品39份,从管道末梢水和病人粪便标本中分别检测出同型别的肠产毒性大肠埃希菌(O6∶K15)。结论此次事件为1起产毒性大肠菌引起的感染性腹泻暴发,医院供水系统被大肠埃希氏菌O6∶K15污染是引起该起事件的主要原因。
Objective To investigate the causes of outbreaks of infectious diarrhea and evaluate the effectiveness of control measures to provide a scientific basis for the prevention and control of such outbreaks. Methods Unified design questionnaire to carry out epidemiological investigations, to take comprehensive prevention and control measures to control the epidemic. Results A total of 44 cases of infectious diarrhea occurred in a hospital from March 3 to March 12, 2009. The attack rate was 1.83%. The peak incidence was March 5-6, accounting for 43.18% (19/44) of the total number of cases. A total of 39 samples of patients, canteens, water samples and environmental samples were collected. Escherichia coli (O6: K15) with the same type of enterohemorrhagic enteropathy were detected respectively from the peripheral water of the pipe and the stool samples of patients. Conclusion The incident was an outbreak of infectious diarrhea caused by the virulent coliforms. The contamination of the hospital water supply system by Escherichia coli O6: K15 was the main cause of the incident.