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目的查明东南沿海地区恙虫病的流行特征,为采取预防措施提供依据。方法在福建、浙江、江苏省选择有代表性的调查点,收集地理景观及流行病学资料;进行现场调查及实验研究,了解鼠类、恙螨与恙虫病的关系。结果东南沿海地区恙虫病按季节分布主要有2型。夏季型:流行于福建、浙江省;主要宿主动物为黄毛鼠、黄胸鼠;主要媒介为地里纤恙螨;流行于5-10月;恙虫病东方体为G illiam型。秋冬型:流行于江苏省;主要宿主动物为黑线姬鼠、褐家鼠;主要媒介为小盾纤恙螨;流行于10-12月;恙虫病东方体为Kawasak i型。结论福建、浙江、江苏省恙虫病的病原体型别、储存宿主、媒介恙螨与流行特征均有所不同,因此,采取的预防措施亦应有所区别。
Objective To identify the epidemiological characteristics of scrub typhus in the southeastern coastal areas and provide evidence for preventive measures. Methods Representative surveys were selected in Fujian, Zhejiang and Jiangsu Provinces to collect geography, landscape and epidemiological data. Field investigations and experimental studies were conducted to understand the relationship between rodents and chigger mites and scrub typhus. Results The seasonal distribution of tsutsugamushi disease in the southeastern coastal areas was mainly of type 2. Summer type: popular in Fujian, Zhejiang Province; the main host animal Rattus rat, Rattus flavipectus; the main medium for the ground chigger mites; popular in May-October; tsutsugamushi Oriental body is G illiam type. Autumn and winter type: popular in Jiangsu Province; the main host animals Apodemus, Rattus norvegicus; the main medium for small shield chigger mites; epidemic in 10-12 months; tsutsugamushi Oriental body Kawasak i type. Conclusion The pathogen types of scrub typhus in Fujian, Zhejiang and Jiangsu Provinces are different from the epidemiological characteristics of host and media chigger mites. Therefore, the precautions taken should be different.