,“Smurf”-ing tumors on the chromatin through RNF20

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In the mod mythology of Dutch comic world,Smurfs are little blue creatures who say “smurf” for anything they do.In the parlance of molecular biology,there live two Smurfs so named because they are Smad ubiquitination regulator factor 1 and 2.Just like those blue devils on the television,the molecular Smurfs are also versatile;capable of controlling bone development,actin cytoskeleton dynamics,cellular senescence,and planar cell polarity in addition to their prototypic function in transforming growth factor β (TGF-β)signaling.Now,the realm of Smurf influence has expanded even further to epigenetic modifications of histones goving the chromatin landscape.A recent study from Ying E.Zhang’s group in the National Cancer Institute of NIH published in Nature Medicine shows that Smurf2 regulates ubiquitin modification of histone H2B and trimethylation of histone H3 through targeting RNF20,the major H2B ubiquitin ligase.
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