我国的基尼系数长期保持在0.4～0.5之间,证明了两极分化的存在。两极分化的表现是:顶基对立型两极分化,城乡断裂型两极分化,官民悬殊型两极分化,地区割裂型两极分化和行业垄断型两极分化。其成因来自5个方面:经济规律,制度缺陷,法治不完善,政策导向和教育不平等。消除两极分化,首先需要坚持“发展才是硬道理”和抓主要矛盾的原则;其次,要深化二次分配制度改革,积极推进城镇化,完善体制机制,采取果断措施消除法治漏洞。 The long-term Gini coefficient in our country has remained between 0.4 and 0.5, demonstrating the existence of polarization. The manifestations of polarization are: the polarization of the top-radical opposition, the polarization of urban-rural fracture, the polarization of officials and peasants, the polarization of regional fragmentation and the polarization of the industry’s monopoly. Its causes come from five aspects: economic law, system defects, imperfect law, policy orientation and education inequality. To eliminate polarization, we must first adhere to the principle of “development is the last word” and grasp the major contradictions. Secondly, we must deepen the reform of the secondary distribution system, actively promote urbanization, improve institutional mechanisms and take resolute measures to eliminate the loopholes in the rule of law.