以流体(空气、水等)为工作介质的机械,称为流体机械。有水力机械、风力机械,还有透平机械等。本文所讨论的范围只限于泵、风机和压缩机三类。通常驱动泵、风机和压缩机的原动机绝大多数是电动机,只有在没有电力供应的地方,或驱动功率太大时,少数流体机械才用汽轮机或内燃机直接驱动。因此,本文所提到的能源消费如无特别注明,则指电能消费而言。在所有可利用的能源形式 Machines that use fluids (air, water, etc.) as working media are called fluid machines. There are hydraulic machinery, wind machinery, and turbine machinery. The scope of this article is limited to the three categories of pumps, fans, and compressors. The majority of prime movers that normally drive pumps, fans, and compressors are electric motors. Only when there is no power supply, or when the drive power is too high, few fluid machines are directly driven by a steam turbine or an internal combustion engine. Therefore, if the energy consumption mentioned in this article is not specified, it refers to electricity consumption. In all available energy forms