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多发性硬化症既是经典的神经免疫性疾病,又是神经退行性疾病。越来越多的证据表明,表观遗传学改变与多发性硬化症的发病相关。表观遗传学修饰可以影响基因的表达,但不会改变DNA的序列。DNA甲基化、组蛋白修饰和微小RNA相关基因转录和翻译的调控是表观遗传的3种重要机制。表观遗传学可能通过调节多发性硬化症的病因(包括遗传易感性和环境危险因素)和发病机制(包括炎症脱髓鞘和神经退行性变化的机制)的多个环节影响多发性硬化症的发病。本文综述了表观遗传学修饰在多发性硬化症发生中的作用,并为从表观遗传学角度治疗多发性硬化症提出建议。
Multiple sclerosis is both a classic neuroimmune disease, but also a neurodegenerative disease. There is growing evidence that epigenetic changes are associated with the development of multiple sclerosis. Epigenetic modifications can affect gene expression, but do not change the DNA sequence. Regulation of DNA methylation, histone modification, and microRNA-related gene transcription and translation are three important mechanisms of epigenetics. Epigenetics may affect the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis by regulating the etiology of multiple sclerosis (including genetic susceptibility and environmental risk factors) and pathogenesis (including mechanisms of inflammatory demyelination and neurodegeneration) Disease. This article reviews the role of epigenetic modifications in the development of multiple sclerosis and provides recommendations for the treatment of multiple sclerosis from an epigenetic perspective.