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通过生物措施、工程措施和耕作措施对滇中地区典型小流域—王家箐进行综合治理,观测了治理前后气象、水文、土壤侵蚀资料,分析了治理前后试验区降雨与径流、侵蚀之间的关系及变化。结果表明,试验区的水土流失主要集中在5～10月,区内次降雨的径流量、侵蚀量与降雨量和最大30min雨强乘积的相关性最好,其关系式为一元三次方函数,相关系数在0.956到0.993之间(极显著相关);月径流量、月侵蚀量与月降雨量之间的关系为一元幂函数,相关系数在0.819到0.985之间(极显著相关)。采取生物措施、工程措施和耕作措施相结合的综合治理方式,能有效抑制以坡耕地为主的小流域的水土流失,但不改变流域降雨径流侵蚀函数关系式,只改变其系数。
By means of biological measures, engineering measures and tillage measures, the typical small watershed in Central Yunnan was comprehensively treated and the data of meteorology, hydrology and soil erosion were observed before and after treatment. The relationship between rainfall and runoff and erosion before and after treatment was analyzed And change. The results showed that the soil and water loss in the experimental area mainly concentrated in May to October. The correlation between runoff and erosion amount of rainfall and the rainfall intensity and the product of maximum rainfall intensity in 30 min was the best, and the relation was cubic and cubic functions, The correlation coefficient was between 0.956 and 0.993 (extremely significant correlation). The relationship between monthly runoff, monthly erosion and monthly rainfall was a univariate power function with a correlation coefficient of 0.819 to 0.985 (extremely significant correlation). Taking the integrated treatment methods of biological measure, engineering measure and tillage measure can effectively restrain soil erosion of small watershed with sloping arable land, but only change its coefficient without changing the relationship of rainfall runoff erosion function.