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一、亚洲新兴工业化国家地区发展战略优于拉丁之说近年来在探讨新兴工业化国家的发展道路中,一般人都把亚洲“四小”归结为外向型经济发展道路,而把拉丁美洲的三个大国即阿根廷、巴西和墨西哥归结为内向型经济发展道路。其理由是走内向型发展道路的是一些幅员较大和资源比较丰富的国家,它们的工业化从进口替代开始;而走外向型发展道路的是一些比较小、资源贫乏的国家,它们依赖世界市场,以出口带动经济发展,实现工业化的。大多数又认为外向型经济的实绩几乎在所有方面都明显地比内向型经济优越,世界银行《1987年世界经济发展报告》就是这么阐述的。从亚洲“四小”和拉丁美洲新兴工业化国家的历史来说,它们具有许多本身的特点和地缘政治特点。大家都知道,任何国家实现工业化都必需解决资本的原始积累,新独立民族国
I. Development Strategy of Asia in Newly Industrialized Countries Outperforms Latin In recent years, in discussing the development path of newly industrialized countries, most people attributed the “four small” in Asia to the path of outward-oriented economic development while the three major countries in Latin America, Argentina, Brazil and Mexico boil down to an introverted economy. The reason for this is that the inward-looking development paths are some of the larger and more resource-rich countries whose industrialization has started with import substitution; while the path of export-oriented development has been relatively small and resource-poor countries that rely on world markets, Export-led economic development, industrialization. Most also think that the performance of the export-oriented economy is obviously superior to that of the inward-oriented economy in almost all aspects, as the World Bank’s 1987 World Economic Development Report states. From the history of Asia’s “small four” and the newly industrialized countries of Latin America, they have many characteristics of their own and geo-political characteristics. As we all know, the industrialization of any country must solve the primitive accumulation of capital. The newly independent nation states