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目的探讨家庭和社会支持对食管癌患者生活质量的影响。方法选取2014年1月至2015年12月间哈尔滨医科大学附属肿瘤医院收治的68例食管癌患者,采用随机数字表法分为观察组和对照组,每组34例。两组患者均接受手术治疗,观察组患者在常规护理基础上进行家庭、社会支持干预,对照组患者实施常规护理。采用APGAR家庭功能评估量表和社会支持评定量表(SSRS)对两组患者干预前后的家庭支持和社会支持情况进行调查对比,采用健康调查简表(SF-36)评价两组患者干预前后的生活质量。结果干预前,观察组患者APGAR(适应度、合作度、成熟度、情感度和亲密度)评分与对照组患者比较,差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。干预后,观察组患者APGAR五项评分均高于对照组患者,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。干预前,观察组患者SSRS(主观支持、客观支持和社会支持利用度)评分与对照组患者比较,差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05);干预后,观察组患者主观支持和客观支持评分均显著高于对照组患者,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。干预前,观察组患者SF-36各项评分结果与对照组患者比较,差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05);干预后,观察组患者躯体功能、角色功能、躯体疼痛、精力、社会功能、心理健康和总体健康评分显著高于对照组患者,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。结论实施家庭和社会支持能够有效改善食管癌患者的家庭支持和社会支持度,改善患者生活质量,值得临床推广。
Objective To investigate the impact of family and social support on the quality of life of esophageal cancer patients. Methods Sixty-eight patients with esophageal cancer who were admitted to Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Harbin Medical University from January 2014 to December 2015 were randomly divided into observation group and control group with 34 cases in each group. Two groups of patients underwent surgical treatment. Patients in the observation group were intervened by family and social support on the basis of routine nursing care while patients in the control group were given routine nursing care. The family support and social support before and after intervention were compared by using APGAR family function evaluation scale and Social Support Rating Scale (SSRS). The health survey profile (SF-36) was used to evaluate the difference between the two groups before and after intervention Quality of Life. Results Before the intervention, APGAR (fitness, co-operation degree, maturity, affectivity and intimacy) scores in the observation group were not significantly different from those in the control group (all P> 0.05). After intervention, APGAR scores in observation group were higher than those in control group, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). Before intervention, there was no significant difference in SSRS (subjective support, objective support and social support utilization) score between observation group and control group (all P> 0.05); after intervention, subjective support and objective support The scores were significantly higher than those in the control group, the differences were statistically significant (P <0.05). Before intervention, SF-36 scores in the observation group were not significantly different from those in the control group (all P> 0.05); after the intervention, the body function, role and function, physical pain, energy, social The functional, mental health and general health scores were significantly higher than those in the control group (all P <0.05). Conclusion The implementation of family and social support can effectively improve the family support and social support of patients with esophageal cancer and improve the quality of life of patients, worthy of clinical promotion.