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本文通过测定胶膜在水中的溶胀度、水抽出物量、胶膜收缩率、物理机械性能以及介电损耗等,研究了平平加、十八烯基硫酸钠、蓖麻油硫酸钠、亚甲基二萘磺酸钠及酪素等五种常用稳定剂的不同用量,在不同成膜条件下,对胶膜结构及其性能的影响。并进一步探索了影响的原因。 实验结果表明:当稳定剂的用量在0.25—1.0之间时,水溶胀度、水抽出物量、介电损耗等均呈现极小值;而胶膜收缩率及物理机械性能等,则在以上相应位置有极大值出现。作者等主认为,极小值或极大值出现的原因,与胶乳的稳定性、胶乳粒子表面保护膜的性貭及稳定剂在橡胶中的溶解度有关。提高成膜温度,由于橡胶分子的热运动增大,同时稳定剂在橡胶中的溶解度也增加,故胶乳粒子结合比较紧密,物理性能亦相应增高。硫化处理时,由于橡胶分子间很快地形成交联,使分子失去扩散能力,故对胶乳粒子之间的结合及紧密度影响甚微。
In this paper, by measuring the degree of swelling of the film in water, the amount of water extract, film shrinkage, physical and mechanical properties and dielectric loss, etc., Ping Ping Jia, sodium octadecyl sulfate, castor oil sodium sulfate, methylene bis Sodium naphthalene sulfonate and casein and other five kinds of commonly used stabilizers at different dosage, under different film-forming conditions, the structure of the film and its performance. And further explored the reasons for the impact. The experimental results show that when the amount of stabilizer is between 0.25 and 1.0, the water swelling, the amount of water extract, the dielectric loss and so on all show a minimum; while the film shrinkage and physical and mechanical properties, etc., in the above corresponding Location has a maximum value appears. The authors believe that the reason for the occurrence of minimum or maximum is related to the stability of the latex, the nature of the protective film on the latex particle surface and the solubility of the stabilizer in the rubber. Improve the film-forming temperature, due to the thermal motion of the rubber molecules increases, while the solubility of the stabilizer in the rubber also increases, so the latex particles are bonded together, the physical properties also increased accordingly. Vulcanization, due to the rapid formation of cross-linked rubber molecules, the molecular loss of ability to diffuse, so the latex particles between the bond and tightness little effect.