一西方的20世纪可谓相对主义的世纪:相对论与量子力学的测不准定律使得传统的知识确定性的观念基础产生了动摇,语言哲学通过对价值词语的分析直接将价值归结为个人的情感偏好,价值主观主义和相对主义一时成为主流观念,而后现代主义在一定意义上可看作是这种相对主义在知识论和价值论两方面的泛滥。但随着相对主义所导致的各种弊病的显露,在西方国家又兴起了呼吁共同价值或重视普遍价值的潮流,罗尔斯的《正义论》就被许多人看作是规范伦理学复兴的证明。围绕着罗尔斯的正义理论而展开的争论,尽管观点各异,但总体的价值取向还是倾向于纠正价值主观主义和相对主义的偏颇。当然,在现实日常生活中,人们的规则意识或者说遵守社会公共规范的观念并未出现很大的起伏。究其原 A century of relativism in the 20th century in the West: the law of uncertainty of relativity and quantum mechanics has shaken the traditional conceptual foundation of knowledge certainty, and linguistic philosophy can directly attribute value to personal affective preference through the analysis of value words , Value subjectivism and relativism have become mainstream concepts for a while, and postmodernism can, in a certain sense, be regarded as a proliferation of such relativism both in epistemology and axiology. However, with the revelation of various ills caused by relativism and the trend of calling for common values ​​or universal values ​​in western countries, Rawls’s “theory of justice” is regarded by many as a revival of canonical ethics prove. The controversy surrounding Rawls’s theory of justice, despite different points of view, tends to correct the biases of value subjectivism and relativism. Of course, in real life, people’s sense of the rules or the concept of compliance with social norms did not show much ups and downs. Investigate its original