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目的研究并分析对直肠癌术后放疗患者实施护理干预的效果。方法直肠癌术后放疗患者82例,根据随机分组原则分为对照组和观察组,每组41例。对照组患者接受常规护理,观察组患者则联合护理干预,将两组患者的焦虑自评量表评分、抑郁自评量表评分以及放疗不良反应发生率进行观察对比。结果干预前观察组患者的焦虑自评量表评分、抑郁自评量表评分分别为(68.3±5.5)、(69.7±5.7)分,干预后分别为(54.6±4.9)、(57.1±5.6)分;干预前对照组患者的焦虑自评量表评分、抑郁自评量表评分分别为(68.1±5.3)、(69.8±5.6)分,干预后分别为(64.3±4.7)、(64.6±5.4)分。两组患者干预后的焦虑自评量表评分、抑郁自评量表评分均低于干预前,且观察组优于对照组,差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组患者的胃肠道反应、静脉炎、神经毒性、骨髓抑制发生率分别为9.76%、24.39%、9.76%、12.20%,对照组分别为26.83%、58.54%、41.46%、41.46%,观察组各项放疗不良反应发生率均低于对照组,差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论在直肠癌术后放疗患者的护理过程中,护理干预能够显著改善患者的负性情绪,并降低放疗相关并发症的发生率,有助于提高患者的生存质量,值得推广应用。
Objective To study and analyze the effect of nursing intervention on patients with postoperative radiotherapy of rectal cancer. Methods 82 patients with postoperative radiotherapy for rectal cancer were randomly divided into control group and observation group, 41 cases in each group. Patients in the control group received routine nursing care while patients in the observation group received combined nursing intervention. The anxiety self-rating scale, the self-rating depression scale and the incidence of adverse reactions were compared between the two groups. Results The scores of anxiety self-rating scale and depression self-rating scale of observation group before intervention were (68.3 ± 5.5) and (69.7 ± 5.7) respectively, and were 54.6 ± 4.9 and 57.1 ± 5.6 respectively after intervention (P <0.01). The scores of anxiety self-rating scale and depression self-rating scale in the control group before intervention were (68.1 ± 5.3) and (69.8 ± 5.6) respectively, and were 64.3 ± 4.7 and 64.6 ± 5.4 )Minute. The scores of anxiety self-rating scale and depression self-rating scale after intervention in both groups were lower than before intervention, and the observation group was superior to the control group, the differences were statistically significant (P <0.05). The incidences of gastrointestinal reactions, phlebitis, neurotoxicity and myelosuppression in the observation group were 9.76%, 24.39%, 9.76% and 12.20% respectively, while those in the control group were 26.83%, 58.54%, 41.46% and 41.46% Group incidence of adverse reactions of radiotherapy were lower than the control group, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). Conclusion Nursing intervention can significantly improve patients’ negative emotions and reduce the incidence of radiotherapy-related complications in the course of nursing care of patients with postoperative radiotherapy for rectal cancer, which is helpful to improve the quality of life of patients and is worth popularizing and applying.