本文对调整的统计学意义进行了论述,说明其实质和应用范围。对于比较多用的双变量调整指标,介绍了两种不同的计算方法,并作了比较评价。关于两样本率的调整,本文建议采用源于Cochran检验法的一步调整法及其假设检验。对两样本均数的调整及假设检验,作者给出一组计算公式和参照表式,供处理实际资料时使用。 This article discusses the statistical significance of adjustment and explains its nature and scope of application. For the more frequently used bivariate adjustment indicators, two different calculation methods are introduced and comparative evaluations are made. With regard to the adjustment of the two-sample rate, this paper proposes a one-step adjustment method derived from the Cochran test and its hypothesis test. For the adjustment and hypothesis testing of the mean of two samples, the author gives a set of calculation formulas and reference tables for use in processing actual data.