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目的观察异种脱细胞真皮(acellular xenogenic dermal matrix,X-ADM)和异体巩膜作为羟基磷灰石(hydroxy apatite,HA)义眼台包裹材料,用于实验兔眼的临床表现及病理组织学变化观察。方法24只纯种新西兰兔,行一只眼的眼球摘除术后,随机平均分为实验组和对照组。于肌锥内分别置入由异种脱细胞真皮及异体巩膜包裹的HA义眼台。术后观察眼部表现,于1、2、4、6、8和12周,连同异种脱细胞真皮或异体巩膜取出义眼台,光镜下观察包裹材料与义眼台的组织病理学改变,包括炎症反应及血管化情况。取4、8和12周标本做透射电镜观察上述组织的超微结构改变。结果与异体巩膜组相比,异种脱细胞真皮组在同期的成纤维细胞及新生血管的生长更活跃,而且长入较早,新生胶原形成丰富,几乎没有炎症细胞的浸润以及发生排斥反应。结论异种脱细胞真皮血管化快,免疫原性低,是一种良好的巩膜替代物。
Objective To observe the clinical manifestations and histopathological changes of acellular xenogenic dermal matrix (X-ADM) and allogeneic sclera as hydroxyapatite (HA) . Methods Twenty-four New Zealand rabbits were randomly divided into experimental group and control group after enucleation of one eye. In the muscle cones were placed by the xenogenic acellular dermal and heterogeneous sclera wrapped HA Yi eye table. After 2, 4, 6, 8, and 12 weeks, the eyeballs were removed with or without acellular dermal or allogeneic sclera. The histopathological changes of the wrapping material and the eye were observed under light microscope. Including inflammatory reactions and vascularization. The specimens were taken for 4, 8 and 12 weeks to observe the ultrastructural changes of the above tissues by transmission electron microscopy. Results Compared with allogeneic scleral hemangioma group, the growth of fibroblasts and neovascularization in xenogenic acellular dermis group was more active at the same time, and grew earlier, the formation of new collagen was rich, almost no inflammatory cell infiltration and rejection occurred. Conclusion Acellular dermal cells with vascularization and low immunogenicity are good scleral substitutes.