地下水在大地震前发生剧烈的水位升降、翻花冒泡,变色变味和某些化学元素的增减等异常现象已为许多地震所证实。因而地下水成为地震预报的有效手段之一。关于大地震前地下水的各种异常现象产生的物理机制问题,一般传统的看法认为,地震前由于应力的不断加强,使地面发生形变或者是含水层受压以及含水层的隔水层破裂而引起各种异常现象。但这 Groundwater anomalies such as drastic water level rise and fall, over-flow bubbling, discoloration and odor change and the increase or decrease of certain chemical elements before the earthquake have been confirmed by many earthquakes. Therefore, groundwater has become one of the effective means of earthquake prediction. With regard to the physical mechanisms arising from various anomalies of groundwater before the Great Earthquake, the general conventional wisdom is that prior to the earthquake, due to the continual strengthening of the earthquakes, deformation of the ground surface, compression of the aquifer, and rupture of the aquitard’s aquitard Various abnormal phenomena. But this