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两年中,供试的27个杂种有21个在产量上具有杂种优势,其中10个比双亲增产15%以上,最高增产达45.3%。杂种优势主要表现在千拉重增高,穗子加长,每穗小穗数增多,分蘖力强,抗寒性好,植株增高,抽穗期提平等方面.说明 T 型胞质杂种具有很强的杂种优势。与对照相比,仅有2个杂种超过高产对照,最高增产9.4%。有6个杂种超过两对照平均产量,最高增产17.9%。造成超标优势低的最主要的原因是亲本的产量水平低,加之杂种的育性恢复度不高,成穗率低,植株过高等限制了杂种优势在产量上的充分发挥。
In the two years, 21 of the 27 hybrids tested had heterosis in yield, of which 10 were more than 15% more than their parents and the highest increase was 45.3%. Heterosis is mainly manifested in the thousand pull weight increase, the ear longer, the number of spikelets per panicle increased tillering ability, good cold resistance, plant height, heading stage to mention flat, etc. T-type cytoplasm hybrid has a strong heterosis . Compared with the control, only 2 hybrids outperformed the high-yielding control and the maximum yield was 9.4%. Six hybrids averaged over two controls with a maximum increase of 17.9%. The main reason for the over-standard low-yielding is that the low yield of the parents and the low degree of fertility restoration of the hybrids, the low ear-forming percentage and the high plant yield limit the full utilization of the heterosis in the yield.