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[摘 要] 目的:比较腹腔镜下膀胱根治性切除-原位回肠膀胱术与开放手术临床效果。方法:选取2008年6月至2013年9月收治65例膀胱癌患者,采用随机数字表法将患者分为腹腔镜手术组35例和开放性手术组30例。比较两组患者围术期相关指标以及术后12个月新膀胱功能情况等。结果:与开放性手术组相比,腹腔镜组并发症发生率明显降低,手术时间明显延长,术中出血量明显降低,肠道功能恢复时间和住院时间明显降低,差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组术后12个月膀胱容量、膀胱内压、最大尿流率以及日、夜尿控率等指标两组差异不具有统计学意义。讨论:腹腔镜下膀胱根治性切除—原位回肠膀胱术具有创伤较小,术中出血量少,术后并发症少,且恢复较快等优势。
[关键词] 膀胱根治性切除;原位回肠膀胱术;开放性手术
中图分类号:R694 文献标识码: B 文章编号:2095-5200(2015)05-066-03
[Abstract] Objective: To compared the clinical effects of laparoscopic and open surgery for radical cystectomy with orthotopic heal neobladder. Methods: From June 2008 to September 2013, 65 bladder cancer patients were selected. The patients were divided into laparoscopic surgery group (n=35) and open surgery group (n=30) by random number table. The related indicators during perioperative and functional situations of new bladder after surgery of the patients in two groups were compared. Results: Compared with open surgery group, the patients in laparoscopic surgery group’ operative time was prolonged significantly, blood loss was decreased significantly, bowel function recovery time and hospital stay was reduced significantly, differences were statistical significance (P<0.05). After surgery there was no statistical significance between the two groups of bladder capacity, intravesical pressure, maximum flow rate, date and nocturia control rate. Conclusions: Laparoscopic for radical cystectomy with orthotopic heal neobladder has advantages of small trauma, less blood loss, fewer complications, and faster recovery.
[Key words] radical cystectomy; orthotopic heal neobladder; open surgery
对于膀胱癌患者,根治性膀胱全切术作为首选治疗方案,术后需要对尿道进行改道[1-2]。目前,对于腹腔镜与开放膀胱根治性切除—原位回肠膀胱术临床效果相关学者意见并不一致[3]。因此,本研究选取2008年6月至2013年9月期间收治膀胱癌患者,比较采用腹腔镜根治性膀胱切除术和开放性根治性膀胱切除术近期疗效,旨在为膀胱癌患者临床治疗方案选择提供参考依据。
1 资料与方法
1.1 一般资料
选取2008年6月至2013年9月收治65例膀胱癌患者,其中男性患者37例,女性患者28例,年龄45~76岁,平均年龄(52.87±9.93)岁。首诊患者29例,复发患者36例;27例患者有经尿道手术并行膀胱灌注病史;单发肿瘤患者23例,多发肿瘤42例;肿瘤位置:膀胱底区17例,侧壁31例,前壁9例,顶部8例;术后病理活检:尿路上皮癌58例,鳞状细胞癌7例;TNM分期:T2aN0M0 19例,T2bN0M0 38例,T3N0M0 8例。采用随机数字表法,将患者分为腹腔镜手术组35例和开放性手术组30例,两组患者年龄、性别比例、临床表现以及病理分理等比较差异无统计学意义,具有可比性。
1.2 手术方法
腹腔镜手术组患者气管插管麻醉,取仰卧位,选用5孔法取操作通道。于患者脐下作约1~1.5.cm半环形切口,以气腹针经切口正中穿刺至腹腔,充入CO2形成气腹,置入10mm穿刺套管,并放入腹腔镜,对双侧盆腔淋巴结行清扫术,将双侧输尿管、输精管、精囊、前列腺后壁以及膀胱前壁游离出来,再将膀胱及前列腺侧血管蒂和尿道离断并切除膀胱前列腺。于下腹正中脐和耻骨联合中点行4~5cm切口,将下段输尿管和远端回肠从切口拉出,在距回盲肠交界15cm处,近端切取约40cm回肠,纵行剖开后,W形状折叠成新膀胱,将输尿管插入新膀胱形成贮尿囊,并行双侧输尿管与贮尿囊吻合后放回盆腔。对下腹壁切口进行缝合,再次气腹,腹腔镜下连续吻合新膀胱与尿道,置入导尿管,放置盆腔引流管,退镜完成手术。
[关键词] 膀胱根治性切除;原位回肠膀胱术;开放性手术
中图分类号:R694 文献标识码: B 文章编号:2095-5200(2015)05-066-03
[Abstract] Objective: To compared the clinical effects of laparoscopic and open surgery for radical cystectomy with orthotopic heal neobladder. Methods: From June 2008 to September 2013, 65 bladder cancer patients were selected. The patients were divided into laparoscopic surgery group (n=35) and open surgery group (n=30) by random number table. The related indicators during perioperative and functional situations of new bladder after surgery of the patients in two groups were compared. Results: Compared with open surgery group, the patients in laparoscopic surgery group’ operative time was prolonged significantly, blood loss was decreased significantly, bowel function recovery time and hospital stay was reduced significantly, differences were statistical significance (P<0.05). After surgery there was no statistical significance between the two groups of bladder capacity, intravesical pressure, maximum flow rate, date and nocturia control rate. Conclusions: Laparoscopic for radical cystectomy with orthotopic heal neobladder has advantages of small trauma, less blood loss, fewer complications, and faster recovery.
[Key words] radical cystectomy; orthotopic heal neobladder; open surgery
对于膀胱癌患者,根治性膀胱全切术作为首选治疗方案,术后需要对尿道进行改道[1-2]。目前,对于腹腔镜与开放膀胱根治性切除—原位回肠膀胱术临床效果相关学者意见并不一致[3]。因此,本研究选取2008年6月至2013年9月期间收治膀胱癌患者,比较采用腹腔镜根治性膀胱切除术和开放性根治性膀胱切除术近期疗效,旨在为膀胱癌患者临床治疗方案选择提供参考依据。
1 资料与方法
1.1 一般资料
选取2008年6月至2013年9月收治65例膀胱癌患者,其中男性患者37例,女性患者28例,年龄45~76岁,平均年龄(52.87±9.93)岁。首诊患者29例,复发患者36例;27例患者有经尿道手术并行膀胱灌注病史;单发肿瘤患者23例,多发肿瘤42例;肿瘤位置:膀胱底区17例,侧壁31例,前壁9例,顶部8例;术后病理活检:尿路上皮癌58例,鳞状细胞癌7例;TNM分期:T2aN0M0 19例,T2bN0M0 38例,T3N0M0 8例。采用随机数字表法,将患者分为腹腔镜手术组35例和开放性手术组30例,两组患者年龄、性别比例、临床表现以及病理分理等比较差异无统计学意义,具有可比性。
1.2 手术方法
腹腔镜手术组患者气管插管麻醉,取仰卧位,选用5孔法取操作通道。于患者脐下作约1~1.5.cm半环形切口,以气腹针经切口正中穿刺至腹腔,充入CO2形成气腹,置入10mm穿刺套管,并放入腹腔镜,对双侧盆腔淋巴结行清扫术,将双侧输尿管、输精管、精囊、前列腺后壁以及膀胱前壁游离出来,再将膀胱及前列腺侧血管蒂和尿道离断并切除膀胱前列腺。于下腹正中脐和耻骨联合中点行4~5cm切口,将下段输尿管和远端回肠从切口拉出,在距回盲肠交界15cm处,近端切取约40cm回肠,纵行剖开后,W形状折叠成新膀胱,将输尿管插入新膀胱形成贮尿囊,并行双侧输尿管与贮尿囊吻合后放回盆腔。对下腹壁切口进行缝合,再次气腹,腹腔镜下连续吻合新膀胱与尿道,置入导尿管,放置盆腔引流管,退镜完成手术。