首先分析了基础研究的两个独有持征 :1)自由探索 ;2 )基础研究的一旦突破 ,会给技术进步带来革命性的发展。第一个特征决定了对基础研究的管理 ,无论是用计划的手段还是市场方式都难以进行有效的管理 ;第二个特征决定了在中国目前的社会经济条件下 ,大多数基础研究的开展需要公共资金的投入。其次用经济学的寻租理论分析了投入基础研究的资金的公共性 ,导致了目前基础研究成果评价中的许多不道德行为的产生。最后指出借鉴西方的终身教授制或许能够防止此类评价中不道德行为的进一步蔓延 ,尤其在由计划经济向市场经济过渡的当前 ,或许终身教授制能重新塑造基础研究所应有的学术道德 First, we analyze two unique characteristics of basic research: 1) free exploration; 2) once the basic research breakthroughs, will bring about the revolutionary development of technological progress. The first characteristic determines that the management of basic research can not be effectively managed both in a planned way and in a market-based manner. The second characteristic determines that most basic research needs to be carried out under the current socio-economic conditions in China Public funding. Second, the economics of rent-seeking theory is used to analyze the public funds invested in basic research, which leads to many unethical behaviors in the evaluation of basic research results. Finally, it is pointed out that learning from the tenured professor system in the west may prevent the further spread of unethical behavior in such evaluation. Especially in the current transition from planned economy to market economy, perhaps the lifelong professorial system can reshape the academic ethics of basic research