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目的 :论证钩端螺旋体病 (钩体病 )周期性流行及影响因素 ,找出经济、科学、可行的控制措施。方法 :收集分析宜昌市 196 0～ 1997年钩体病疫情报告 ,描述其流行特征 ;收集当地农田鼠类监测数据 ,进行相关分析 ;采取群组研究方法 ,进行钩体菌苗预防接种效果观察。结果 :宜昌市钩体病呈周期性流行 ,流行高峰间隔期为 10～ 13年 ;流行与野外农田鼠密度呈高度正相关 ;采用钩体菌苗控制钩体病流行 ,发病率比为 7.0 8,死亡率比为 3.17,有明显的经济效益。结论 :人群免疫力的逐年下降、鼠密度在某一时刻异常增大等因素的相互作用 ,使钩体病呈周期性流行。可通过长期特别是流行间隔期疫苗预防接种和大力开展灭鼠活动等主要措施 ,以改变这种流行规律
OBJECTIVE: To demonstrate the cyclical epidemic of leptospirosis (leptospirosis) and its influencing factors to find out the economic, scientific and feasible control measures. Methods: The report of the epidemic situation of leptospirosis from 196 0 to 1997 in Yichang City was collected and described. The epidemiological characteristics of leptospirosis in Yichang City were described and described. The epidemiological characteristics of the disease were described. The monitoring data of the local farm animals were collected for correlation analysis. Results: The prevalence of leptospirosis in Yichang City was cyclical, with peak interval of 10-13 years. The prevalence was highly positively correlated with the density of rodents in field. The prevalence of leptospirosis was controlled by leptospirosis with the incidence rate of 7.0 8 , The mortality rate was 3.17, with obvious economic benefits. CONCLUSION: The interaction between the decline of population immunity and the abnormal increase of rat density at a certain time makes the leptospirosis periodically epidemic. Through the long-term epidemic vaccination in particular, and epidemic interval vigorously carry out major measures such as anti-rodent activities to change this popular law