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1943年《中美新约》引发美国在华不动产重新登记之争,上海地区成为主战场。公共租界以内的不动产纠纷围绕6个登记环节展开,租界以外的不动产争执集中在“登记资格”问题上。美国国务院坚持从新约第4条出发并最终赢得交涉胜利,国民政府地政署则立足于中国《土地法》,虽交涉失败却严格审批手续,致使重新登记无果而终。重新登记的缘起、经过与结果,揭示了美国在华不动产的复杂性,暴露了新约过于简略的缺陷,反映出新约对20世纪40年代中美关系的深刻影响。
The “New Testament to China and the United States” in 1943 triggered a dispute over the re-registration of U.S. real estate in China and the Shanghai area became the main battlefield. Real-estate disputes within the International Settlement are organized around six registration sections and real-estate disputes outside the concession are concentrated on the issue of “Registration Eligibility.” The U.S. State Department insisted on proceeding from Article 4 of the New Testament and eventually won the negotiating victories. The KMT’s Lands Department, based on China’s “Land Law,” failed to do so despite the strict examination and approval procedures. As a result, re-registration failed. The origin, process and result of re-registration reveal the complexities of U.S. real estate in China, exposing the defects of the New Testament as being overly brief and reflecting the profound impact of the New Testament on the Sino-U.S. Relations in the 1940s.