当我们纪念伟大的十月革命胜利的三十六周年之际,当我们伟大的祖国开展第一个五年经济建设的第一年,当我们全国人民正掀起了在毛主席的伟大号召下向苏联先进科学技术学习的高潮的时候,回顾和认识一下苏联科学所走过的光辉道路是有必要的。本文即是为了这个目的来概括简要而比较全面地介绍苏联在天文学方面的发展和成就以及苏联天文学正在胜利前进着的宽广的道路。 When we commemorate the 36th anniversary of the victory of the great October Revolution and the first year our great motherland carried out the first five-year period of economic construction, when all our people are setting forth the great call of Chairman Mao At the height of Soviet advanced science and technology learning, it is necessary to review and understand the brilliant path that Soviet science has gone through. This article is for this purpose to summarize a brief but rather comprehensive introduction of the Soviet Union’s astronomy development and achievements as well as the Soviet Union astronomy is the road to victory.