本文提出在我国铁路推行内燃、电力机车长交路和轮乘制的优越性和必要性。介绍了国外推行的经验和国内自1975年以来,广州等9个机务段试行情况。国内的实践证明了这项重大改革可以提高区段通过能力,均衡乘务员劳动和休息时间,提高经济效益。最后提出在全路推行长交路和轮乘制的规划和初步设想。 This paper puts forward the superiority and necessity of carrying out internal combustion, long-distance locomotive and wheel riding system in our country. The experience of foreign countries and the trial implementation of 9 locomotive depots in Guangzhou since 1975 are introduced. Domestic practice proves that this major reform can improve the capacity of the section, balance flight attendants’ labor and rest time, and enhance economic efficiency. Finally, it puts forward the plan and tentative plan for implementing long traffic interchange and round trip system throughout the road.