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肿瘤相关巨噬细胞（TAM）是浸润在肿瘤细胞周围的巨噬细胞，主要分为经典激活的巨噬细胞（M1型）和交替激活的巨噬细胞（M2型）两大类，总体呈现促进肿瘤细胞免疫逃逸的M2型巨噬细胞表型。随着对机体免疫功能研究的不断深入，研究发现TAM具有高度可塑性，可随着肿瘤微环境的变化而相互转化，在肿瘤发生、发展、侵袭和转移阶段都起着非常重要的作用，且其分型和数量也可能用作判断肿瘤预后的指标。因此TAM是一种可行的治疗癌症的潜在靶点，现就TAM在肿瘤发生、发展中的作用进行综述。“,”Tumor-associated macrophage (TAM) is a macrophage infiltrating around tumor cells, which can be divided into two categories including classical activated macrophages (M1) and alternately activated macrophages (M2). On the whole, it shows the phenotype of M2 macrophages that promote immune escape of tumor cells. With the in-depth study of the immune function of the body, the studies have indicated that TAM is highly malleable and can be transformed into each other with the change of tumor microenvironment. TAM plays a very important role in tumor occurrence, development, invasion and metastasis, and its classification and quantity may also be used as an index to judge the prognosis of tumors. Therefore, TAM is a feasible potential target for the treatment of cancer. This paper reviews the role of TAM in tumorigenesis and development.