[背景]大型真菌子实体发育特别是从菌丝体到原基转变的分子机制,目前仍不清楚.现有的研究大多集中在有限的真菌种类或环境因素上,但对在发育中起关键作用的基因提供的信息有限.[目的]研究大型真菌原基形成的分子机制.[方法]对11个物种及4个环境因子相关的转录组数据进行分析.[结果]与对照组相比,上调基因数量从白灵菇(Pleurotus tuoliensis)的325个到梅里克氏菌(Rickenella mellea)的2854个,下调基因数量从白灵菇的379个到圆环蜜环菌(Armillaria ostoyae)的3189个.根据gene ontology (GO)注释,前3个生物过程类别为氧化-还原过程、代谢过程和碳水化合物代谢过程.此外,细胞成分类别中膜整体成分、核、膜等显著富集.同样地,分子功能类别包括水解酶活性、氧化还原酶活性和催化活性.[结论]大型真菌在原基形成中存在可能发挥重要作用的共同通路.“,”[Background]The molecular mechanism of fruiting body development in mushroom-forming fungi,especially the transition from mycelium to primordium,is still unclear.Most of related studies focused on limited fungal species or environmental factors,and offered little information on the key genes in the development of mushroom-forming fungi.[Objective]This paper aims to study the molecular mechanism for primordium formation of mushroom-forming fungi.[Methods]RNA-Seq data of 11 fungal species and 4 related environmental factors were analyzed.[Results]The number of up-regulated genes ranged from 325 (Pleurotus tuoliensis) to 2854 (Rickenella mellea),while that of down-regulated genes was in the range of 379 (Pleurotus tuoliensis) to 3189(Armillaria ostoyae) compared with that of the control.As for the gene ontology (GO) terms,the top three biological processes were oxidation-reduction process,metabolic process and carbohydrate metabolic process.The mainly involved cellular components were the integral component of membrane,nucleus,and membrane,and the related molecular functions were hydrolase activity,oxidoreductase activity and catalytic activity.[Conclusion]There are some common key pathways for the primordium formation among mushroom-forming fungi.