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乌桕系一种重要特用经济树种,亦是极有价值的一种木本油料作物。它的油脂除制肥皂和蜡烛外,也是国防工业和轻工业的重要原料。解放后,对于乌桕扩展栽培和综合利用,都已获得了显著的成绩。如温州清明化工厂在乌桕综合利用上,已制成硬脂酸、甘油、油酸及棕榈酸等十余种产品。乌桕的叶子到了秋天变红很美观,它的花又香,实在是绿化很好的树种。其叶和果壳可作染料,油渣可作肥料,木材可做农具和家具等,花是很好的蜜源,树根和嫩梢可供药用,全身没有一样废弃的东西。浙江乌桕全国著名,栽培面积占全国的三分之一左右,产量占一半左右,栽培历史已很悠久。据兰溪县的资料,本省种相的历史已有千余年,明朝徐光启所著的《农政至书》也已说到浙人种桕极多,并对于选种、嫁接和利用已获得一套经验。茲将作者几十年来对本省乌桕主要种类、品种和生物学特性及栽培经验的调查和研究所获的初步结果,整理介绍如下,以供参考。一、乌桕主要种类和品种乌桕在植物分类上属于大戟科(Euphorbiaceae)
Ukraine is an important economic type of economic tree species, is also a valuable woody oil crops. Its grease, in addition to making soap and candles, is also an important raw material for the defense industry and light industry. After the liberation, remarkable achievements have been made in the expansion cultivation and comprehensive utilization of blackbirds. Such as Wenzhou Qingming chemical plant in the comprehensive utilization of black beans, has been made stearic acid, glycerol, oleic acid and palmitic acid more than 10 kinds of products. The leaves of the jackals turn red in autumn is beautiful, its flowers fragrant, it is really good tree species. Its leaves and husk can be used as a dye, oil residue can be used as fertilizer, wood can be used as tools and furniture, flowers are very good source of honey, roots and shoots for medicinal purposes, the body does not have the same discarded things. Zhejiang Wuyi famous national, cultivation area accounts for about one-third of the country, accounting for about half of the output, cultivation history has been very long. According to the information of Lanxi County, the province has more than a thousand years of history. The book entitled “Agriculture to the Book” written by Xu Guangqi in the Ming Dynasty has also said that there are a great number of Zhejiang breeds, and for the selection, grafting and utilization have been obtained A set of experience. The author’s initial findings obtained from the investigation and research conducted by the author over the decades on the main species, varieties and biological characteristics of the African poppy, and their cultivation experience, are summarized below for reference. First, the main types and varieties of black flesh Black flesh belongs to the genus Euphorbiaceae (Euphorbiaceae)