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云的地面观测是对本地天气进行实时监测的重要工作。目前,主要采用人工目测方法进行云的地面观测,无法准确提供夜间云的资料。为了实现云的全天空昼夜自动监测,采用非制冷红外焦平面阵列(UIRFPA)和扫描的方式,通过拼图、定标、大气修正、云识别等数据处理,研制成功了全天空红外测云系统。该系统由光学测量单元、扫描单元、环境参数测量单元、采集与控制单元和数据处理单元组成。初步的观测试验表明,该系统所给出的全天空云分布图像以及云量、云族与实际天空状况一致,考虑探测器工作温度效应的非制冷红外焦平面阵列定标模型,可满足全天空云监测的辐射定量测量要求,定标处理以及云识别算法可行。
Ground observation of the cloud is an important task for real-time monitoring of the local weather. At present, the artificial observation method is mainly used for the observation of the ground of the cloud, which can not accurately provide the data of the night cloud. In order to realize the automatic day-night monitoring of all-sky cloud, a unirradiated infrared focal plane array (UIRFPA) and scanning method were used to develop a full-sky infrared cloud detection system through data processing such as puzzle, calibration, atmospheric correction and cloud recognition. The system consists of optical measurement unit, scanning unit, environmental parameter measurement unit, acquisition and control unit and data processing unit. The preliminary observations show that all the images of sky and sky given by this system are consistent with that of cloud and cloud family and the actual sky. The uncooled infrared focal plane array calibration model considering the working temperature effect of detector can meet the requirement of full sky Quantitative measurement of cloud radiation measurement requirements, calibration and cloud identification algorithm feasible.