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目的分析贫困地区儿童营养状况特点及其与贫困的关系,为改善贫困地区儿童健康状况提供科学依据。方法采用多阶段分层整群抽样原则,对湖北四大贫困片区0~17岁儿童的营养状况展开问卷调查。使用SPSS18.0对所有数据进行处理和分析。结果贫困地区儿童生长迟缓及消瘦发生率均为8.5%,而贫血患病率高达33.3%。安全饮水和卫生设施贫困与儿童生长迟缓,经济贫困、教育贫困、健康剥夺和信息剥夺与儿童消瘦呈显著相关,除安全饮水外的各贫困维度均与儿童贫血呈显著相关(P<0.05)。儿童生长迟缓、消瘦及贫血存在独立相关关系。结论贫困地区儿童营养状况不容乐观,其发生与贫困各维度均密切相关,解除贫困是改善儿童健康状况的关键措施。
Objective To analyze the characteristics of children’s nutritional status in impoverished areas and its relationship with poverty, and provide a scientific basis for improving the health status of children in impoverished areas. Methods The multi-stage stratified cluster sampling principle was used to investigate the nutritional status of 0-17-year-old children in four poverty-stricken areas in Hubei Province. All data is processed and analyzed using SPSS 18.0. Results The incidence of stunting and weight loss in impoverished children was 8.5%, while the prevalence of anemia was as high as 33.3%. Poverty in safe drinking water and sanitation facilities was significantly associated with child growth retardation, economic poverty, education poverty, health deprivation and information deprivation and child emaciation, and all dimensions of poverty except safe drinking water were significantly associated with child anemia (P <0.05). Child growth retardation, weight loss and anemia exist independent relationship. Conclusion The nutritional status of children in impoverished areas is not optimistic. Its occurrence is closely related to all dimensions of poverty. To eradicate poverty is a key measure to improve children’s health.