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矿石工业品位指标问题,是矿山开采因而也是地质勘探工作中的基本问题之一。我国多年来采用的,是由边界品位和最低工业品位组成的“二项指标体系”。近几年来,国内外对它的缺点和改革它的办法,已经先后有过一些探讨。下面介绍的A.M.马尔戈林和Л.П.布尔多的文章,就是其中之一。文章中的修正主义经济观点,主要是主张从批发价格出发,而不是把国家计划和核算价格统一起来去确定工业品位指标。这实际上是要以按批发价格销售产品获得的利润来刺激生产,而不是以社会主义经济计划来调节生产,不是以政治统帅生产。这是我们所要反对的。由于这个问题与品位指标体系之间并没有必然的联系,所以,不论在采用那一种指标体系(包括二项指标体系)时,这个问题都是既能够发生,又能够排除的。因此,只要我们把价格和利润的问题另作处理,文章对“二项指标体系”缺点的分析和对它进行改革的设想,还是值得我们注意的。
Ore industry grade index problems, mining is therefore one of the basic issues in geological exploration work. Used for many years in our country, it is a “two index system” consisting of the boundary grade and the lowest industrial grade. In recent years, there have been some discussions on its shortcomings at home and abroad and ways to reform it. The article by A.M. Margoling and Л.П. Burdow, described below, is one of them. The revisionist economic point of view in the article mainly advocates starting from the wholesale price instead of unifying the state plan and the accounting price to determine the industrial grade index. This is actually a stimulus to production with the profits from selling the products at wholesale prices, rather than adjusting production with socialist economic programs and not with political commander-in-chief. This is what we are going to oppose. Since there is no necessary link between this issue and the grade index system, the problem can be both eliminated and eliminated irrespective of the type of index system (including the two index system). Therefore, as long as we deal with the problems of price and profit separately, it is worth our attention to the article’s analysis of the shortcomings of the “two index system” and the idea of reforming it.