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城市广场是城市公共开放空间的主体形式,其供给和利用事关城市居民生活品质和社会公平。笔者基于对河南省信阳市实地调研和Arc GIS空间分析技术,系统研究转型期我国中小城市广场空间格局动态变化、利用特征及类型差异。研究表明,中小城市广场整体上具有小集聚、大分散、空间分布不均的特征;等级规模呈金字塔形分布,商业和休闲广场是中小城市广场的主体类型,且呈显著圈层结构格局。中小城市的广场利用率较高,七成广场休闲者能在20分钟内抵达广场,出行距离在5公里范围内,休闲者占54%,80%休闲者的停留时间少于2小时。在广场利用特征对比上,市政广场辐射范围大,休闲者职业类型差异大,停留时间长,是年轻人偏好的休闲区;中老年人就近聚集休闲广场,职业类型集中,利用频率高,就近利用特征显著。
Urban plaza is the main form of urban public open space. Its supply and utilization are related to the quality of life and social fairness of urban residents. Based on the field investigation and ArcGIS spatial analysis technology in Xinyang City of Henan Province, the author systematically studies the dynamic changes of space pattern of small and medium-sized cities in transitional period, the characteristics and types of utilization. The research shows that the small and medium-sized city square has the characteristics of small concentration, large dispersion and uneven spatial distribution as a whole. The scale is pyramid-shaped, and the commercial and leisure squares are the main types of small and medium-sized city squares with a remarkable circle structure. Small and medium-sized cities have a high utilization rate of plazas. 70% of square passers-by can reach the square within 20 minutes. Travel distance is within 5 kilometers, 54% are leisure travelers and 80% leisure time is less than 2 hours. In contrast with the use of square features, municipal Plaza, a wide range of radiation, occupational types of leisure leisure, long stay, young people prefer to leisure area; Significant features.