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目的了解上海市奉贤区流动儿童与本地儿童的生存质量状况,并比较其差异,为该区少年儿童的身心健康促进工作提供参考。方法采用先概率比例规模(PPS)抽样、后简单随机抽样的方法,按1∶1∶1配比,分别抽取奉贤区外来民工子女学校、乡镇及南桥本地户籍小学生各1 128、1 589、1 628名,采用《上海市奉贤区小学生一般情况调查表》及《Peds QLTM儿科生活质量调查表4.0》进行评定。结果共调查4 423名小学生,收回有效问卷4 345份,有效回收率为98.24%。生存质量总分南桥本地小学生为(86.72±11.45)分;乡镇学校流动儿童为(81.97±12.68)分;外来民工子女学校流动儿童为(84.43±11.43)分。不同学校、性别、年级的儿童生存质量得分差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论上海市奉贤区南桥本地小学生生存质量最高,乡镇学校流动儿童生存质量最低。应多关注该区流动儿童的生存质量,促进其身心健康发展。
Objective To understand the quality of life of floating children and local children in Fengxian District, Shanghai, and to compare the differences in quality of life for children and adolescents in this area. Methods PPS sampling and post-random sampling were adopted. According to the ratio of 1: 1: 1, 1 128,1 589 pupils from rural migrant workers’ schools, townships and local residents in Nanqiao were selected, 1 628 students were assessed using the “General Survey of Pupils in Fengxian District of Shanghai” and “Peds QLTM Pediatric Quality of Life Questionnaire 4.0”. Results A total of 4 423 pupils were investigated and 4 345 valid questionnaires were returned. The effective recovery rate was 98.24%. The quality of life score of local primary school students in Nanqiao was (86.72 ± 11.45) points; that of migrant children in township schools was (81.97 ± 12.68) points; that of migrant workers’ children schools was (84.43 ± 11.43) points. There were significant differences in quality of life between children in different schools, gender and grade (P <0.05). Conclusion The quality of life of local primary school students in Nanqiao, Fengxian District, Shanghai is the highest, and the quality of life of migrant children in township schools is the lowest. More attention should be paid to the quality of life of migrant children in the area to promote their physical and mental health.