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目的 观察不同程度冷损伤血管ＮＯ 合成酶（ ＮＯＳ） 活力的变化，并研究超氧化物歧化酶（ＳＯＤ） 和Ｖｉｔ Ｃ 对这种变化的影响。方法 分离Ｗｉｓｔａｒ 大鼠主动脉，并在ＰＢＳ 培育液中培养１ 小时，然后使其暴露于－ ２０ ℃环境。以全自动生化分析仪测定血管培养液中乳酸脱氢酶（ＬＤＨ） 活力，以Ｇｒｉｅｓｓ化学法观测血管ＮＯＳ 活力，以肾上腺素自氧化法测定血管ＳＯＤ 活力。结果 当血管暴露于－ ２０ ℃环境１ 、２ 、４ 分钟后，血管培养液中ＬＤＨ 活力的增强幅度和血管ＳＯＤ 活力的降低程度均逐步增大，表明血管分别相应受到轻、中、重度冷损伤；冷损伤后４ 小时，轻度冷损伤血管ＮＯＳ 活力较未冷冻血管增加１５ ．３ ％ ，中、重度冷损伤血管ＮＯＳ 活力则显著下降，分别达１７ ．９ ％ 、２９ ．６ ％ 。血管冷冻后立即给予ＳＯＤ（２００ Ｕ／ ｍｌ） 或Ｖｉｔ Ｃ（５０ ｍｇ／ｍｌ） ，可使冷损伤血管ＮＯＳ 活力分别较未经ＳＯＤ 或Ｖｉｔ Ｃ 处理者显著升高，并降低了冷损伤血管培养液中ＬＤＨ 活力，使血管ＳＯＤ 活力回升。结论 血管ＮＯＳ 活力降低是导致冷损伤组织血液循环障碍发生的重要原因；ＳＯＤ 及Ｖｉｔ Ｃ 可通过调节提高血管ＮＯＳ 活力，防止或减缓机体冷?
Objective To observe the changes of NO synthase (NOS) activity in different degrees of cold injury and to study the effects of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and Vit C on this change. Methods Wistar rats aorta were isolated and cultured for 1 hour in PBS medium and then exposed to -20 ℃ environment. The activity of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) in blood vessel culture medium was measured by automatic biochemical analyzer. The activity of NOS in blood was observed by Griess chemistry and the activity of SOD in blood vessel was detected by adrenaline autoxidation. Results After the blood vessels were exposed to -20 ℃ for 1, 2, 4 minutes, the enhancement of LDH activity and the decrease of SOD activity in blood vessels increased gradually, which indicated that the blood vessels were respectively subjected to mild, moderate and severe cold injury Four hours after cold injury, NOS activity in blood vessels of mild cold injury was 15% higher than that of non-frozen blood vessels. 3%, moderate and severe cold injury vascular NOS activity decreased significantly, respectively, 17. 9%, 29. 6%. Vasoconstriction immediately after freezing SOD (200 U / ml) or Vit C (50 mg / ml), cold injury of vascular NOS activity were significantly higher than those without SOD or Vit C treatment, and reduce cold injury vascular culture LDH vitality in the fluid, so that blood vessel SOD activity rebound. Conclusion The decrease of NOS activity in blood vessels is the main reason of blood circulation disorder in cold injury tissues. SOD and Vit C can prevent or slow the body cold by regulating the activity of NOS in blood vessels.