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【Abstract】Along with the globalization of Tourism，there have been a great number of Guilin tourism English texts，which provide complete and detailed tourism information.These English texts，which to some extent influence tourists’ consuming orientation，have also become a way to publicize the good image of Guilin and promote Guilin tourism development.However，many English tourism texts written by Chinese don’t conform to foreign tourists’ traveling psychology and consuming psychology.In view of this，based on appraisal theory，the thesis discovers the shortcomings of English Tourism texts written by Chinese and explores the realization and naturalization of Guilin tourism English texts in order to satisfy tourism consumers’ need and strengthen the function of passing messages and leading consumption.
【Key words】Appraisal Theory； Tourism English text
1.Appraisal Theory
It must be noted that appraisal theory is very much an on-going research project，many problems are still to be solved and many lexico grammatical and semantic issues have yet to be addressed.There are numerous registers and discourse domains to which the theory has not yet been applied.Past experience indicates that analyses of new discourse domains typically lead to significant extensions to and elaborations of the appraisal framework since each domain will typically operate with at least some unique semantic features.The community of appraisal theory researchers using the theory in some way，however，continues to grow and therefore anticipate continuing breakthroughs in the mapping of this semantic domain.
2.Studies on Guilin Tourism Texts at Home and Abroad
According to survey，there are few studies abroad on tourism texts exclusively introducing Guilin，but there are some studies on tourism texts from different perspectives.Erik Castello（2002），an Italian scholar，in Tourist-information texts： A Corpus-based study of four related genres，analyzes the language features used in tourist texts and makes a detailed illustration of tourism texts’ structure from the perspective of systemic-function linguistics and corpus linguistics.The book applies statistics and computer techniques to tell the readers how frequently the linguistic features vary across four types tourism texts，and the types of tourism texts are divided by channels of transmission： brochures，magazines，travel agencies，and websites.And then he gives some suggestions to verify them.
Zhong Jun（2010）published the dissertation“A Study of C-to-E Translation of Guilin’s Travel Textual Materials from the Perspective of Aesthetics of Reception”，whose purpose is to generalize the principles for C- E translation of travelling textual materials and in an attempt to offer some suggestions to improve Guilin’s tourism publicizing text related to textual translation in English.Meanwhile，the dissertation attempts to throw up some feasible and practical translation strategies for C-E translation of tourism texts. Kang Ning（2012）studies on tourism texts on tourism websites from the perspective of appraisal language.He holds that evaluation is an important feature of language expression，which is regarded as the important way to promote traveling products.He compares American，British tourism websites and Chinese tourism websites，and makes a detailed comparison of the appraisal resources in three tourism texts written by writers from different countries.And the purpose of her study is to reveal the features of tourism text and to improve the appraisal language in the Chinese tourism websites.
To sum up，due to the development of tourism both at home and abroad，more and more scholars have paid close attention to tourism texts translation.However，few researches have done the research on the language features of tourism texts，especially the Guilin tourism texts，which has a great influence on promoting tourism industry.Therefore，this thesis will mainly focus on the analysis and comparison of appraisal language in three tourism texts，hoping to improve the tourism texts written by Chinese.
3.Application of appraisal theory in tourism texts
From studying attitude resources in three tourism texts，we can conclude that findings on evaluation features are presented from three perspectives，concerning the three subsystems within appraisal theory.
Firstly，on applying attitude resources of three tourism texts，the writers prefer to apply appreciation than other two elements--judgment and affect.Therefore，we might conclude that applying appreciation resources is a common feature of English tourism texts regardless of cultural backgrounds.The choice of appreciation still varies when the three types of tourism texts are compared.The finding is that although the portions of appreciation resources are almost evenly distributed in the native-English tourism texts，the text written by Chinese takes a prominently larger proportion.
Secondly，on the use of entertain shows that the portions of entertain in native-English texts are considerably larger than in Chinese tourism text，which suggests that native-English writers are more likely to make allowances or leaving space for different opinions and positions.They invite their readers to value，to think about or discuss what have been mentioned and commented about a destination，trying not to leave readers an impression that what have been promoted in texts is always sure.
Thirdly，graduation is a distinctive feature of the two native English tourism texts.Of the two graduation choices，resources for force are more frequently used than resources for focus in three tourism texts.This finding suggests that English tourism texts writers，regardless of their different cultural background，tend to adjust how strongly they feel about people and things.However，for Chinese writers，this tendency is even stronger，which can be seen from the finding that tourism texts written by Chinese takes the largest proportion of force but smallest proportion of focus. This study might offer insights for new discovery of English tourism texts written by Chinese people and westerners.On the other hand，the study may also provide some implications for applying and developing appraisal framework.
4.Shortcomings in the Tourism Texts Written by Chinese
Generally speaking，tourism text is an effective way to promote tourism industry，which provides a large amount of information of the scenic spots to tourists.The purpose is to strengthen the communication between reader and writer.Useful tourism texts should be informative，well organized and attractive.
First of all，it has been found in native-English tourism text that the language shows more communication between readers and writers.And the tourism texts written by Chinese offer more description of beautiful scenery of scenic spots rather than provide more useful information for readers.They emphasize the information such as thedescriptions of the scenery and the introductions to the history，celebrities related，the traditions and customs that local people reserved，even the legend and stories that passed down from one generation to another，etc.However，these information are not critical to foreign travelers who care much more about practical information，such as where to live，where to eat，and entertainment activities involved in tourism texts.
Second，it has also been found there are more professional nouns，adjectives，and adverbs employed in tourism texts written by Chinese.This is influenced by Chinese Han nationality’s cultural tradition and aesthetic standard which focuses on abstract description on scenic spots.On the contrary，native-English people don’t like the exaggerating description，they focus on the objective and specific description of scenery，which is far more inadequate in tourism texts written by Chinese，So in tourism texts written in English or Chinese translated into English，it should emphasize and conform to the native-English people’s traditions and customs to satisfy the characteristics of native-English texts’ demand.
Third，as to traveling activities，native-English tourism texts applies much more than the tourism text written by Chinese.There are more verbs related with traveling behaviors and activities.However，in tourism texts written by Chinese，most of descriptions are stationary rather than dynamic.In this aspect，Chinese writers should learn from the native-English writers to cater to native -English people’s needs. 5.Conclusion
In conclusion，in order to get a good publicity effect，Chinese writers who write the Guilin tourism text should get rid of the Chinese writing style and learn more writing styles and writing features form the native-English writers.This study might offer insights for new discovery of English tourism texts written by Chinese people and westerners.On the other hand，the study may also provide some implications for applying and developing appraisal framework.
References：
[1]Bednarek，Evaluation in media discourse： analysis of newspaper corpus[M].London：Continuum，2006.
[2]Castello，Tourist-information Texts：a Corpus Based Study of Four Related Genres[E].Padova：Unipress，2002.
[3]Edwards，Tourism as a Language of Social Control[P].M.Ruiz，B.Leonel etal（eds.），2001.
[4]Martin，J.R.
【Key words】Appraisal Theory； Tourism English text
1.Appraisal Theory
It must be noted that appraisal theory is very much an on-going research project，many problems are still to be solved and many lexico grammatical and semantic issues have yet to be addressed.There are numerous registers and discourse domains to which the theory has not yet been applied.Past experience indicates that analyses of new discourse domains typically lead to significant extensions to and elaborations of the appraisal framework since each domain will typically operate with at least some unique semantic features.The community of appraisal theory researchers using the theory in some way，however，continues to grow and therefore anticipate continuing breakthroughs in the mapping of this semantic domain.
2.Studies on Guilin Tourism Texts at Home and Abroad
According to survey，there are few studies abroad on tourism texts exclusively introducing Guilin，but there are some studies on tourism texts from different perspectives.Erik Castello（2002），an Italian scholar，in Tourist-information texts： A Corpus-based study of four related genres，analyzes the language features used in tourist texts and makes a detailed illustration of tourism texts’ structure from the perspective of systemic-function linguistics and corpus linguistics.The book applies statistics and computer techniques to tell the readers how frequently the linguistic features vary across four types tourism texts，and the types of tourism texts are divided by channels of transmission： brochures，magazines，travel agencies，and websites.And then he gives some suggestions to verify them.
Zhong Jun（2010）published the dissertation“A Study of C-to-E Translation of Guilin’s Travel Textual Materials from the Perspective of Aesthetics of Reception”，whose purpose is to generalize the principles for C- E translation of travelling textual materials and in an attempt to offer some suggestions to improve Guilin’s tourism publicizing text related to textual translation in English.Meanwhile，the dissertation attempts to throw up some feasible and practical translation strategies for C-E translation of tourism texts. Kang Ning（2012）studies on tourism texts on tourism websites from the perspective of appraisal language.He holds that evaluation is an important feature of language expression，which is regarded as the important way to promote traveling products.He compares American，British tourism websites and Chinese tourism websites，and makes a detailed comparison of the appraisal resources in three tourism texts written by writers from different countries.And the purpose of her study is to reveal the features of tourism text and to improve the appraisal language in the Chinese tourism websites.
To sum up，due to the development of tourism both at home and abroad，more and more scholars have paid close attention to tourism texts translation.However，few researches have done the research on the language features of tourism texts，especially the Guilin tourism texts，which has a great influence on promoting tourism industry.Therefore，this thesis will mainly focus on the analysis and comparison of appraisal language in three tourism texts，hoping to improve the tourism texts written by Chinese.
3.Application of appraisal theory in tourism texts
From studying attitude resources in three tourism texts，we can conclude that findings on evaluation features are presented from three perspectives，concerning the three subsystems within appraisal theory.
Firstly，on applying attitude resources of three tourism texts，the writers prefer to apply appreciation than other two elements--judgment and affect.Therefore，we might conclude that applying appreciation resources is a common feature of English tourism texts regardless of cultural backgrounds.The choice of appreciation still varies when the three types of tourism texts are compared.The finding is that although the portions of appreciation resources are almost evenly distributed in the native-English tourism texts，the text written by Chinese takes a prominently larger proportion.
Secondly，on the use of entertain shows that the portions of entertain in native-English texts are considerably larger than in Chinese tourism text，which suggests that native-English writers are more likely to make allowances or leaving space for different opinions and positions.They invite their readers to value，to think about or discuss what have been mentioned and commented about a destination，trying not to leave readers an impression that what have been promoted in texts is always sure.
Thirdly，graduation is a distinctive feature of the two native English tourism texts.Of the two graduation choices，resources for force are more frequently used than resources for focus in three tourism texts.This finding suggests that English tourism texts writers，regardless of their different cultural background，tend to adjust how strongly they feel about people and things.However，for Chinese writers，this tendency is even stronger，which can be seen from the finding that tourism texts written by Chinese takes the largest proportion of force but smallest proportion of focus. This study might offer insights for new discovery of English tourism texts written by Chinese people and westerners.On the other hand，the study may also provide some implications for applying and developing appraisal framework.
4.Shortcomings in the Tourism Texts Written by Chinese
Generally speaking，tourism text is an effective way to promote tourism industry，which provides a large amount of information of the scenic spots to tourists.The purpose is to strengthen the communication between reader and writer.Useful tourism texts should be informative，well organized and attractive.
First of all，it has been found in native-English tourism text that the language shows more communication between readers and writers.And the tourism texts written by Chinese offer more description of beautiful scenery of scenic spots rather than provide more useful information for readers.They emphasize the information such as thedescriptions of the scenery and the introductions to the history，celebrities related，the traditions and customs that local people reserved，even the legend and stories that passed down from one generation to another，etc.However，these information are not critical to foreign travelers who care much more about practical information，such as where to live，where to eat，and entertainment activities involved in tourism texts.
Second，it has also been found there are more professional nouns，adjectives，and adverbs employed in tourism texts written by Chinese.This is influenced by Chinese Han nationality’s cultural tradition and aesthetic standard which focuses on abstract description on scenic spots.On the contrary，native-English people don’t like the exaggerating description，they focus on the objective and specific description of scenery，which is far more inadequate in tourism texts written by Chinese，So in tourism texts written in English or Chinese translated into English，it should emphasize and conform to the native-English people’s traditions and customs to satisfy the characteristics of native-English texts’ demand.
Third，as to traveling activities，native-English tourism texts applies much more than the tourism text written by Chinese.There are more verbs related with traveling behaviors and activities.However，in tourism texts written by Chinese，most of descriptions are stationary rather than dynamic.In this aspect，Chinese writers should learn from the native-English writers to cater to native -English people’s needs. 5.Conclusion
In conclusion，in order to get a good publicity effect，Chinese writers who write the Guilin tourism text should get rid of the Chinese writing style and learn more writing styles and writing features form the native-English writers.This study might offer insights for new discovery of English tourism texts written by Chinese people and westerners.On the other hand，the study may also provide some implications for applying and developing appraisal framework.
References：
[1]Bednarek，Evaluation in media discourse： analysis of newspaper corpus[M].London：Continuum，2006.
[2]Castello，Tourist-information Texts：a Corpus Based Study of Four Related Genres[E].Padova：Unipress，2002.
[3]Edwards，Tourism as a Language of Social Control[P].M.Ruiz，B.Leonel etal（eds.），2001.
[4]Martin，J.R.