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[目的]解决膜下烤烟人工开孔破膜费工耗时和破膜不及时导致烟苗素质差、高温高湿蒸死烟苗、烟苗成活率低的问题。[方法]开展了不同开孔位置及大小的白膜对膜下烤烟影响的试验。[结果]中低海拔烟区移栽膜下烤烟使用烟苗正上方中间开孔2 cm白色地膜,移栽至掏苗前14∶00可降低膜内温度4~12℃,烟苗成活率提高11.5百分点,烟株早生快发,减轻病害,大田生育期提早5 d,减少人工破膜开口用工7.5个/hm~2,产量和产值比对照分别提高418.35 kg/hm~2、4 165.65元/hm~2,经济效益明显。[结论]中低海拔烟区膜下烤烟移栽使用相邻2株烟苗中间开孔2 cm白色地膜是可行的。
[Objective] The research aimed to solve the problem that the artificial opening of membrane flue-cured tobacco under the preoperatively expense of time-consuming and rupture of the rupture membrane resulted in the poor quality of the tobacco seedlings, and the low survival rate of the tobacco seedlings with high temperature and high humidity. [Method] The experiment on the effect of different position and size of white film on flue-cured tobacco under film was carried out. [Result] The 2 cm white film with the middle hole in the middle of the tobacco seedlings transplanted under medium and low altitude tobacco plants was used. The transplanting to 14:00 before the seedling cuttings could reduce the temperature in the film by 4 ~ 12 ℃ and the survival rate of tobacco seedlings increased 11.5 percentage points. The tobacco plants developed quickly and quickly, reducing disease. The growth period of the field was 5 days earlier and the number of artificial rupture openings was reduced by 7.5 / hm ~ 2. The output and output value increased by 418.35 kg / hm ~ 2,4165.65 yuan / hm ~ 2, obvious economic benefits. [Conclusion] It is feasible to transplanting the flue-cured tobacco with 2 cm in the middle between two adjacent tobacco seedlings in the medium-low altitude area.