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目的了解镇海区适龄儿童麻疹疫苗首针接种及时率及其影响因素,为制定防控措施提供科学依据。方法采用描述流行病学方法,对2010年1-6月与7-12月出生的在册儿童以及2010年出生的在册流动儿童与常住儿童麻疹疫苗接种及时情况进行统计分析。结果 2010年1-6月出生的在册儿童麻疹疫苗首针接种及时率为78.02%(1 892/2 425),7-12月出生的为91.83%(2 844/3 097),1-6月出生的在册儿童首针接种及时率低于7-12月的(χ2=212.48,P<0.01);2010年出生的在册流动儿童麻疹疫苗首针接种及时率为83.98%(3 613/4 302),常住儿童的为92.05%(1 123/1 120),流动儿童首针接种及时率低于常住儿童的(χ2=50.64,P<0.01)。结论建立常态化的查漏补种工作机制,提高流动儿童家长预防保健意识和免疫规划知识知晓率,是提高麻疹疫苗接种及时率的迫切需求。
Objective To understand the timeliness and influential factors of the first dose of measles vaccine for measles children of Zhenhai district and to provide scientific basis for the development of prevention and control measures. Methods A descriptive epidemiological approach was used to conduct a statistical analysis of the timely immunization of enrolled children born in January-June 2010 and July-December 2010 as well as on-the-go and floating children born in 2010. Results The first-time inoculation of children enrolled in measles vaccine was completed in January-June 2010 with a rate of 78.02% (1 892/2 425), 91.83% (2 844/3 097) in July-December and January-June The birth rate of the first-time birth needle-bearing children was lower than that of July-December (χ2 = 212.48, P <0.01). The first-time inoculation of floating children measles vaccine born in 2010 was 83.98% (3613/4302) , 92.05% (1 123/1 120) of resident children, and the first-time inoculation of migrant children was lower than that of resident children (χ2 = 50.64, P <0.01). Conclusion Establishing a normal working mechanism of leak detection and replanting to improve awareness of preventive health care and knowledge of immunization programs among parents of migrant children is an urgent need to improve the timely response rate of measles vaccination.