目的评估血清25-羟基维生素D[25-(OH)D]水平与儿童支气管哮喘发病的相关性。方法采用病例对照研究,每组各纳入120例3~15岁儿童,测量研究对象血清25-(OH)D水平及肺功能值。结果血清25-(OH)D水平不足可增加儿童哮喘发病风险(OR=1.23,95%CI为1.16~1.30,P=0.000),且25-(OH)D水平与肺功能呈正相关关系(r=0.480、0.856)。结论血清25-(OH)D水平不足可增加儿童哮喘患病风险且与气道功能受限有关。 Objective To evaluate the relationship between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25- (OH) D] and bronchial asthma in children. Methods A case-control study was conducted. Each group included 120 children aged 3-15 years. Serum 25- (OH) D level and pulmonary function were measured. Results The lack of serum 25- (OH) D increased the risk of asthma in children (OR = 1.23, 95% CI 1.16-1.35, P = 0.000), and the positive correlation between 25- (OH) = 0.480, 0.856). Conclusions Insufficient serum 25- (OH) D levels may increase the risk of asthma in children and is associated with limited airway function.