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目的:进一步了解和掌握十堰市出生缺陷的发生率和种类,探索出生缺陷影响因素和制定降低出生缺陷发生的干预措施。方法:对2001～2008年十堰市出生缺陷监测医院产科出生的孕满28周至生后7天的围产儿28 893例进行回顾性分析。结果:监测出生缺陷儿441例,出生缺陷的发生率呈逐年上升趋势,总的出生缺陷发生率为15.26‰。前3位出生缺陷类型依次为外耳畸形(15.87‰)、多指(趾)(12.47‰)和马蹄内翻足(10.20‰)。围产儿出生缺陷发生率城镇高于农村,男性高于女性,产母文化程度高的出生缺陷发生率高于文化程度低者。结论:减少出生缺陷的重点在预防,应加强优生优育与孕期保健知识的宣传,加大产前筛查力度和提高产前诊断水平,减少出生缺陷发生。
OBJECTIVE: To further understand and grasp the incidence and types of birth defects in Shiyan, explore the influencing factors of birth defects and make interventions to reduce birth defects. Methods: A retrospective analysis of 28 893 perinatal infants who were born between the 28th week of pregnancy and the 7th day of life in the birth defects monitoring hospital of Shiyan from 2001 to 2008 was conducted. Results: 441 children with birth defects were monitored. The incidence of birth defects showed an upward trend year by year. The overall incidence of birth defects was 15.26 ‰. The first three types of birth defects were external ear deformity (15.87 ‰), multiple finger (12.47 ‰) and clubfoot (10.20 ‰). The incidence of perinatal birth defects in rural areas than in rural areas, men than women, with a high birth rate of birth defects higher incidence of birth defects than those with low education. Conclusion: To reduce the birth defect focus on prevention, we should strengthen the prenatal and postnatal care knowledge of publicity, increase prenatal screening and improve the level of prenatal diagnosis and reduce the occurrence of birth defects.