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目的探讨米索前列醇、缩宫素在足月妊娠产妇引产过程中改善子宫颈条件,促使产程发动达到分娩的有效性及安全性。方法选取2012年1月-2013年1月住院待产,因妊娠期并发症或合并症、妊娠超期或其他引产指征而需要引产的足月单胎妊娠产妇120例。随机分为米索组和缩宫素组各60例。米索组予米索前列醇阴道后穹窿放药引产;缩宫素组予缩宫素静脉滴注引产,观察、记录孕妇宫颈Bishop评分、引产效果、引产有效孕妇分娩情况、药物不良反应等。结果米索组总有效率为96.7%明显高于缩宫素组的80.0%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。米索组最后1次用药至临产时间及阴道分娩总产程明显短于缩宫素组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),而急产率明显高于缩宫素组(P<0.01)。米索组和缩宫素组剖宫产率对比差异显著,具有统计学意义(P<0.05),2组产后出血量、新生儿体质量及新生儿窒息发生率比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。米索组出现不良反应3例,缩宫素组发生宫缩过频1例,2组比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。米索组仅出现恶心、呕吐、出现腹泻3例,均发生于首次用药后12~15min时,停药症状即消失,未作特殊处理,自行缓解。米索组发热2例,未经处理即降至正常,缩宫素组无发热病例。结论米索前列醇用于足月妊娠引产,具有用药方便,安全有效,价廉等优点,值得临床推广应用。
Objective To investigate the effectiveness and safety of misoprostol and oxytocin in improving cervical conditions during labor induction of term pregnant women and promoting the delivery of labor to delivery. Methods A total of 120 pregnant women with term singleton pregnancies requiring hospitalization due to complications or complications of pregnancy, expiration of pregnancy or other induction of labor were selected from January 2012 to January 2013. Randomly divided into misoprostol and oxytocin group of 60 cases. Misoprostol vaginal vaginal fornix after drug release; oxytocin oxytocin intravenous infusion of oxytocin observed and recorded cervical Bishop score of pregnant women, induction of labor, labor induced labor effective delivery, adverse drug reactions. Results The total effective rate was 96.7% in the misoprostol group, which was significantly higher than that in the oxytocin group (80.0%, P <0.05). The last dose of misoprostol to labor time and vaginal delivery was significantly shorter than the total oxytocin group, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05), and the rate of acute birth was significantly higher than oxytocin group (P <0.01) . There were significant differences in cesarean section rate between misoprostol and oxytocin group (P <0.05), postpartum hemorrhage amount, neonatal weight and neonatal asphyxia in the two groups (P > 0.05). Misoprostol appeared adverse reactions in 3 cases, oxytocin group occurred in 1 case of uterine contractions, no significant difference between the two groups (P> 0.05). Misoprostol only showed nausea and vomiting. There were 3 cases of diarrhea, all of which occurred 12 ~ 15 minutes after the first administration. The symptoms of withdrawal disappeared, and no special treatment was given to relieve the symptoms. Misoprostol 2 cases of fever, untreated to normal, oxytocin group no fever cases. Conclusion Misoprostol for term pregnancy induced labor, with medication convenient, safe and effective, inexpensive, worthy of clinical application.