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地下水是一种化学成分十分复杂的多元物理化学平衡体系,研究地下水的各种物理化学反应,究其实质就是研究原子、分子、离子、电子和各种化合物在其间的能量转换或运动规律。化学热力学就是专门研究各种化学反应所发生的能量变化,将化学热力学运用于水文地球化学体系中,可以判明化学反应发生的可能性、方向性和它们进行的程度等,用以解决地下水的形成和有关元素形成的水文地球化学机理等重大理论和实际问题。 在有关SiO_2的来源,含硅地下水的形成中,不少水文地球化学文献,曾建立许多化学反应方程式,但从化学热力学角度,定量的进行研究还很不够;笔者发现,许多反应方程式,在常温常压下并不能自发进行,亦即按这些反应方程式并不能说明含硅地下水的形成机制。那么,含硅地下水是怎样形成的?本文试图以华莹山矿泉水为实例,用化学热力学有关计算来解释这一课题。 这里,一方面对有关化学热力学在水文地球化学中的应用,进行一些理论上的探索;另一方面应用化学热力学理论,对解决华莹山含硅矿泉水的形成机制进行一些尝试。
Groundwater is a complex chemical and physical complex chemical and physical equilibrium system, the groundwater study various physical and chemical reactions, the essence is to study the atoms, molecules, ions, electrons and various compounds in the process of energy conversion or movement. Chemical thermodynamics is devoted to studying the energy changes that occur in various chemical reactions. The application of chemical thermodynamics in hydrogeochemistry can determine the possibility of chemical reactions, their orientation, and their degree of progress, so as to solve the problem of groundwater formation And related elements of the formation of hydrogeochemistry and other major theoretical and practical issues. Many of the hydrogeochemical literature have established many chemical reaction equations for the source of SiO 2 and the formation of groundwater containing silicon. However, it is not enough to study quantitatively from the viewpoint of chemical thermodynamics. The author has found that many reaction equations, at room temperature Under normal pressure and can not spontaneously, that is, according to these reaction equations and can not explain the formation mechanism of silicon-containing groundwater. So, how is silicon-containing groundwater formed? This article attempts to Huashanding mineral water as an example, with the calculation of chemical thermodynamics to explain this issue. Here, on the one hand, some theoretical exploration is made on the application of chemical thermodynamics in hydrogeochemistry; on the other hand, chemical thermodynamics theory is used to make some attempts to solve the formation mechanism of the silicified mineral water in Huayingshan.