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以8个甜樱桃品种为试材,研究调查了2015年11月与2016年1月2次寒潮过后泰安市部分甜樱桃品种冻害发生情况。结果表明:冻害原因为降温幅度大、低温持续时间长、防寒意识差,最终导致甜樱桃花芽和枝条受到严重冻害,有些地区花芽冻害指数高达79.9,枝条冻害指数61.2。但不同砧穗组合与品种间的冻害发生程度不同。合理修剪、加强水肥、保花促果、冻害部位处理、预防“倒春寒”等预防与补救措施可以有效防止甜樱桃冻害发生。
Eight varieties of sweet cherry were used as materials to investigate the frost damage of some sweet cherry varieties in Tai’an City in November 2015 and January 2016 after two cold spells. The results showed that the causes of frostbite were large temperature range, long duration of low temperature and poor cold tolerance, which eventually led to severe frost damage to flower buds and branches of sweet cherry. In some areas, the frostbite index of flower buds was as high as 79.9 and the freezing frost index of branches was 61.2. However, different combinations of rootstocks and varieties of frost damage occurred between different degrees. Reasonable pruning, to strengthen the water and fertilizer, flower and promote fruit injury, frost damage treatment, prevention, “late spring cold” and other prevention and remedies can effectively prevent the occurrence of sweet cherry frost damage.