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为明确泰山现有照山白、迎红杜鹃、满山红、杜鹃、羊踯躅的系统分类,同时探讨杜鹃属(Rhododendron)内各亚属的系统发育关系,本研究以泰山现有杜鹃属的4个亚属5个种8个样本为研究对象,借助Gen Bank数据库,以扫帚岩须和吊钟花为外类群,分析了杜鹃属9个亚属92个种的内转录间隔区(ITS2)序列并构建分子系统发育树;同时选取其中18个代表种24个形态性状进行分析及表型性状分支分析树构建。结果表明:杜鹃属是一个多系类群,各亚属进化程度基本平衡。在泰山现有杜鹃属5个种中,照山白、迎红杜鹃、杜鹃、羊踯躅均聚在以各自亚属种为主的大支中,满山红未能聚在映山红亚属分支中。基于形态学特征的数量聚类结果显示,距离系数为18的水平线可作为亚属的划分界线。在分子聚类中,马银花亚属的长蕊组和马银花组与常绿杜鹃亚属的常绿杜鹃组分别得到较高的支持度,但常绿杜鹃组下的亚组间区分不明显,羊踯躅亚属和叶状苞亚属均位于系统发育树基部,符合形态学分类结果。
In order to clarify the systematic classification of existing Rhus typhina, Rhododendron simiarum, Rhus chinensis, Rhododendron rhododendron, and Rhododendron fortunei in Taishan, phylogenetic relationships among the genus Rhododendron were discussed. In this study, Four subspecies of five species and eight samples were selected as research objects. Based on Gen Bank database, the broom rock and bell bell flowers were used as outliers to analyze 92 ITS2 sequences of 9 subgenus Rhododendron, Sequence and construct molecular phylogenetic tree. At the same time, 24 morphological traits of 18 representative cultivars were selected for analysis and phylogenetic tree analysis was constructed. The results show that: Rhododendron is a multi-line group, the evolution of each sub-genus is basically balanced. Among the 5 species of Rhododendron in Mount Tai, the rhododendron, red azaleas, rhododendrons and sheep clams are all clustered in the main branch of their respective subgenus species. Manshanhong failed to gather in the branches of Azalea . Based on the morphological characteristics of the quantitative clustering results show that the distance coefficient of 18 horizontal lines can be used as sub-genus of the dividing line. In the molecular clustering, the long-core group and the Ma Yin-hua group of the subgenus L. and the evergreen rhododendron group of the subgenus of the evergreen rhododendrons get higher support respectively, but the sub-groups under the evergreen azalea group are not obviously distinguished, and the sheep Both the subfamilies and the subfamilies of leafhopper are located at the base of phylogenetic tree, which accords with the morphological classification results.