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日本国有铁路的分割、民营化改革虽然取得巨大成功,但仍然存在一些问题,比如政府对改革后铁路事业经营上的继续干预、在长期债务处理上贻误时机、在剩余人员安排上有失公平、在改革新方案设计上存在缺陷等。妥善解决以上诸问题是推进铁路等公共事业及国有企业改革的必然举措。从世界范围来看,由日本创造的“区域分割”和瑞典率先实行的“上下分离”铁路改革模式,堪称世界铁路乃至国有企业改革史上的典范。日本“国铁”改革的经验教训无疑值得我国借鉴。
Although the success of the separation and privatization of Japan’s state-owned railways and privatization have still had some problems, such as continued government intervention in the management of railways after the reform, the delaying of opportunities in the handling of long-term debts, unfairness in the arrangements for remaining personnel, The reform of the new program design flaws. To properly solve the above problems is an inevitable measure for promoting the reform of public utilities such as railways and state-owned enterprises. From a global perspective, the “regional division” created by Japan and the “split-up” railway reform model pioneered by Sweden are the model in the history of the reform of world railways and even state-owned enterprises. The lessons learned from the reform of Japan’s “national railway” undoubtedly deserve our country’s reference.