为了保证现代采矿生产中矿山测量工作的质量,必须具有可靠的几何基础。矿山测量控制网的可靠性取决于控制点在空间和时间上的稳定性。随着开采工作向深部发展(顿巴斯矿区,有50％以上的主要巷道位于采深大于500m的开采水平上,在这些巷道中均设置了永久测量基点),井下测量控制点常常受到采动影响而产生位移,从而导致导线测量工作的急剧增大。全苏矿山测量和岩石力学研究院及其乌克兰分院从1983年开始,采用外业观测法,即矿井地质力学中广泛采用的轮廓基 In order to ensure the quality of the mine measurement work in modern mining production, it is necessary to have a reliable geometric foundation. The reliability of mine measurement control network depends on the stability of control points in space and time. As mining progresses to deeper levels (more than 50% of the major tunnels at the mining area of ​​Donbass are at mining levels greater than 500 m) where permanent measurement points are set, the downhole measurement control points are often subject to mining Affect the displacement, resulting in a sharp increase in wire measurement work. Since 1983, the Institute of Surveying and Rock Mechanics of the All-Russia Ministry of Mining and Rock Mechanics and its Ukrainian branch have adopted the field observation method, that is, the profile base widely used in geomechanics of mines